行星齿轮箱线外啮合-故障冲击耦合激励现象学建模与分析

doi:10.3901/JME.260477

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (12): 47-59.doi: 10.3901/JME.260477

• 特邀专栏：数字孪生赋能的高端装备智能运维 • 上一篇

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行星齿轮箱线外啮合-故障冲击耦合激励现象学建模与分析

景鸿翔¹, 甄冬^1,2, 冯国金¹, 臧立彬³, 谷丰收⁴

1. 河北工业大学机械工程学院天津 300401;
2. 河北工业大学智能配用电装备与系统全国重点实验室天津 300401;
3. 天津航天机电设备研究所天津 300301;
4. 哈德斯菲尔德大学效率与性能工程中心哈德斯菲尔德 HD1 3DH 英国

收稿日期:2025-07-22 修回日期:2026-03-09 发布日期:2026-08-03
作者简介:景鸿翔，男，1994年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为旋转机械动力学。E-mail:Hongxiang_Jing@163.com
甄冬(通信作者)，男，1982年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机械系统故障诊断与状态监测，机械系统智能检测，振动噪声信号处理。E-mail:d.zhen@hebut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52275101,52305102)和河北省自然科学基金创新群体(E2024202298)资助项目。

Phenomenological Modeling and Analysis of Planetary Gear Train under Corner Contact and Fault-Induced Impact Coupled Excitations

JING Hongxiang¹, ZHEN Dong^1,2, FENG Guojin¹, ZANG Libin³, GU Fengshou⁴

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401;
2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Power Distribution Equipment and System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401;
3. Tianjin Institute of Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, Tianjin 300301;
4. Centre for Efficiency and Performance Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH UK

Received:2025-07-22 Revised:2026-03-09 Published:2026-08-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 齿轮副在啮合过程中往往偏离理论啮合线，产生线外啮合冲击；故障状态下，线外啮合冲击显著增大，并与故障冲击形成耦合激励，影响齿轮箱的振动响应。然而，现有现象学模型难以表征耦合冲击激励。为此，通过线外啮合力模型和刚度模型，分别分析了齿轮副健康及故障状态下的线外啮合力及刚度变化。依据啮合相位关系推导了啮合冲击函数，建立了表征线外啮合力、故障冲击力与啮合周期时序关联的纽带。基于啮合冲击函数，构建了线外啮合-故障冲击耦合激励下的现象学模型。通过匹配同步提取变换方法，分析了冲击激励下的响应特性。不同故障程度下仿真和实验信号分析结果表明，随着故障程度增大，边带幅值及时频能量随之增大。基于此，通过FM0和MSET能量谱量化表征了故障演化规律，仿真和实验变化规律一致，验证了所提模型在表征耦合冲击激励方面的有效性。

关键词: 线外啮合, 啮合冲击函数, 耦合激励, 太阳轮裂纹故障, 行星齿轮箱

Abstract: During the meshing process, the gear pairs often deviate from the theoretical meshing line, leading to corner contact mesh impacts. Under fault conditions, corner contact impacts increase significantly and form coupled excitation with fault impacts, influencing the vibration response of the planetary gear train. However, existing phenomenological models are found difficult to characterize this coupled impact excitation. For this reason, corner contact forces and stiffness variations in gear pairs under both healthy and faulty conditions are analyzed through the corner contact force and stiffness models, respectively. A meshing impact function is derived based on the meshing phase relationship, establishing a key link that characterizes the time-sequence correlation between corner contact forces, fault impact forces, and the meshing cycle. Based on this meshing impact function, a phenomenological model under the coupled excitation of corner contact mesh - fault impacts is developed. The matching synchrosqueezing transform method is employed to analyze the response characteristics under the impact excitation. Simulation and experimental signal analysis results under different fault sizes show that sideband amplitude and time-frequency energy increase with growing fault size. Capitalizing on this phenomenon, the fault evolution patterns is quantitatively characterized using FM0 and MSET energy spectra. The concordant variation patterns observed in simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in characterizing coupled impact excitation.

Key words: corner contact meshing, mesh impact function, coupled excitation, sun gear crack fault, planetary gear train

中图分类号:

TG165

景鸿翔, 甄冬, 冯国金, 臧立彬, 谷丰收. 行星齿轮箱线外啮合-故障冲击耦合激励现象学建模与分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(12): 47-59.

JING Hongxiang, ZHEN Dong, FENG Guojin, ZANG Libin, GU Fengshou. Phenomenological Modeling and Analysis of Planetary Gear Train under Corner Contact and Fault-Induced Impact Coupled Excitations[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(12): 47-59.

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行星齿轮箱线外啮合-故障冲击耦合激励现象学建模与分析

Phenomenological Modeling and Analysis of Planetary Gear Train under Corner Contact and Fault-Induced Impact Coupled Excitations

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