时变工况激励下动态响应-润滑状态耦合的风机齿轮系统动力学特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260466

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风机齿轮传动系统在随机风载情况下受到强时变工况激励，导致轮齿间润滑状态切换并影响动力学参数和最终动态响应。现有的研究忽视了不同润滑状态下齿轮动力学参数的变化以及所引起的啮合动力学特性改变，并反馈作用于润滑状态的复杂耦合行为，影响动力学分析的准确性。首先构建风机齿轮传动系统平移-扭转耦合的多自由度动力学微分方程组，推导轮齿间动态油膜厚度的表达式以判定啮合副润滑状态；然后考虑不同润滑状态对接触刚度、阻尼系数、摩擦系数等关键动力学参数进行建模；进而求解啮合副实时相对弹性变形量以更新动态油膜厚度，以此形成迭代。在此动态响应-润滑状态耦合模型的基础上，分析风机齿轮系统的动力学特性和润滑特性。研究表明：时变工况相较于恒定工况，显著引发啮合副振幅的增加，以及润滑状态切换的频繁性；相较于太阳轮-行星轮的啮合，高速级斜齿轮的啮合受到时变工况的影响更小；轮齿表面粗糙度也会产生作用，当粗糙度扩大时，啮合副更容易进入边界润滑状态，并引发振动幅值变大。研究结果能够为风机传动链的状态检测和故障诊断提供理论依据。

关键词: 风机齿轮, 润滑状态, 时变工况, 动态响应, 动力学模型

Abstract: The strong time-varying working condition excitation under random wind loads on gear transmission system of wind turbine leads to the switching of the lubrication state between gear teeth and affects the dynamic parameters，and the final dynamic response. Existing studies have overlooked the significant changes in gear dynamic parameters under different lubrication states and the resulting changes in meshing dynamic characteristics，as well as the complex coupling behavior that feeds back to the lubrication state，affecting the accuracy of dynamic analysis. A multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic differential equation group for the translational-torsional coupling of the wind turbine gear transmission system is firstly established，and the expression of the dynamic oil film thickness between gear teeth to determine the lubrication state of the meshing pair is derived. Then，the key dynamic parameters such as contact stiffness，damping coefficient，and friction coefficient under different lubrication states are modeled. Subsequently，the real-time relative elastic deformation of the meshing pair is solved to update the dynamic oil film thickness，forming an iteration. Based on this dynamic response-lubrication state coupling model，the dynamic characteristics and lubrication characteristics of the wind turbine gear system are analyzed. The research shows that compared with constant working conditions，time-varying working conditions significantly increase the amplitude of the meshing pair and the frequency of lubrication state switching. Compared with the meshing of the sun gear and planet gear，the meshing of the high-speed helical gear is less affected by time-varying working conditions. The surface roughness of the gear teeth also plays a role. When the roughness increases，the meshing pair is more likely to enter the boundary lubrication state，and causes the vibration amplitude to increase. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the condition detection and fault diagnosis of the wind turbine transmission chain.

Key words: wind turbine gear, lubrication state, time-varying operating conditions, dynamic response, dynamic model

中图分类号:

TH113

余欣, 申子翰, 孙韵韵, 巫世晶, 刘胜. 时变工况激励下动态响应-润滑状态耦合的风机齿轮系统动力学特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(12): 33-46.

YU Xin, SHEN Zihan, SUN Yunyun, WU Shijing, LIU Sheng. Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of Wind Turbine Gear System with Dynamic Conditions Induced Dynamic Response-Lubrication State Coupling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(12): 33-46.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I12/33

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