变轨距机车动力学性能分析与踏面磨耗预测

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.24.282

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为支撑跨国互联互通和一带一路铁路建设，分析HXD2型机车在中国准轨、欧洲准轨和宽轨3种轨距线路上的轮轨关系、动力学性能及基于国标/苏标/欧标标准的评价差异，进而考虑轮轨界面参数随机变化，预测JM3踏面在不同轨距线路上的车轮磨耗演化规律。结果表明：根据等效锥度来评价10种踏面在不同轨距线路下的适应性，发现宽轨线路上的既有踏面能够兼顾两种准轨，而欧洲和中国既有踏面难以兼顾3种线路；JM、JM2、JM3、S1002和Belarus踏面在中国准轨和宽轨上的临界速度均满足最高120 km/h实际运营速度需求，而JM3和S1002还可以兼顾欧洲准轨，但不同踏面或不同线路上的动力学指标差异不大；欧标的蛇行稳定性评价结果比国标更严格，相差1～2倍，而国标和欧标的运行品质评价结果基本一致，差异在10%以内；国标的平稳性指标比苏标严格约10%；苏标的安全性评价结果比另两个标准略宽松15%；在不考虑牵引制动影响下，一位和二位轮对踏面磨耗分布不同，导致等效锥度增长规律不同，一位轮对的锥度逐渐降低；欧洲准轨上的踏面磨耗深度和体积最大，宽轨上最小而中国准轨居中。

关键词: 机车车辆, 轮轨关系, 动力学, 车轮磨耗, 轨距, 评价标准

Abstract: To support cross-border connectivity and the construction of the Belt and Road Railway, analyze the wheel/rail interaction and the dynamic performance for the HXD2 locomotive as well as its difference evaluated by using China standard, Soviet standard and Europe standard, then predict the difference of wheel wear evolution of JM3 tread when operated on three tracks. Results reveal that the existing treads on the broad-gauge track can adapt to both the China and Europe standard gauge tracks when using the equivalent conicity to assess the adaptability of ten treads when operated on various tracks. Whereas the existing treads in Europe and China are difficult to adapt to all three tracks. The critical speed of JM, JM2, JM3, S1002 and Belarus treads meet the actual operating speed requirement of up to 120 km/h on both the China standard gauge track and broad gauge track, while JM3 and S1002 can be furtherly compatible with the Europe standard gauge track. The dynamics indices of different treads or on different tracks are not very different. The evaluation results of hunting stability from the Europe standard are more stringent than the China standard, and the difference can be 1 to 2 times. Whereas the ride quality evaluations between the China and Europe standards are nearly the same with a difference below 10%. The ride comfort evaluations of the China standard are about 10% stricter than the Soviet standard. The safety evaluation result of the Soviet standard is slightly looser than the other two standards by 15%. By ignoring the effect of traction and brake, the tread wear distribution of the first and second wheelsets is different, resulting in a different growth pattern of the equivalent conicity with the wear, in which the conicity of the first wheelset gradually decreases. The tread wear depth and volume are the largest on the Europe standard gauge track, the smallest on the broad gauge track, and the middle on the China standard gauge track.

Key words: locomotives, wheel/rail interaction, dynamics, wheel wear, track gauge, assessment criteria

中图分类号:

U211

石怀龙, 王开云, 戴焕云, 徐艳辉, 陈吉永, 刘志强. 变轨距机车动力学性能分析与踏面磨耗预测[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(24): 282-295.

SHI Huailong, WANG Kaiyun, DAI Huanyun, XU Yanhui, CHEN Jiyong, LIU Zhiqiang. Dynamic Performances Analysis and Wheel Wear Prediction for Gauge-changeable Railway Locomotive[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(24): 282-295.

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