水平轴风电机组叶片摆振与挥舞机理建模

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.03.131

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 131-142.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.03.131

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水平轴风电机组叶片摆振与挥舞机理建模

王思清¹, 滕伟¹, 王罗², 刘宇³, 彭迪康¹, 马志勇¹, 柳亦兵¹

1. 华北电力大学电站能量传递转化与系统教育部重点实验室北京 102206;
2. 中国长江三峡集团有限公司北京 100038;
3. 中国绿发投资集团有限公司北京 100020

收稿日期:2023-06-09 修回日期:2023-10-24 出版日期:2024-02-05 发布日期:2024-04-28
通讯作者: 滕伟,男,1981年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为风力发电设备故障诊断与寿命预测。E-mail:tengw@ncepu.edu.cn
作者简介:王思清,男, 1998 年出生。主要研究方向为机理与数据双驱动的风电机组叶片故障诊断。E-mail:18810326936@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775186)。

Modeling of Blade Vibration Mechanism at Edgewise and Flapwise in Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

WANG Siqing¹, TENG Wei¹, WANG Luo², LIU Yu³, PENG Dikang¹, MA Zhiyong¹, LIU Yibing¹

1. Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206;
2. China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038;
3. China Green Development Investment Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100020

Received:2023-06-09 Revised:2023-10-24 Online:2024-02-05 Published:2024-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水平轴风电机组叶片振动机理建模是研究叶片振动规律及进行故障诊断的基础。基于多坐标变换,考虑塔影效应、几何非线性和桨距角变化等因素的影响,建立结构动力学与空气动力学耦合的水平轴风电机组叶片摆振、挥舞振动机理模型。以某 2 MW 风电机组柔性叶片以及某场站 3 MW 风电机组叶片为对象,构建了多体动力学模型,分别与 GH Bladed 软件计算结果和机组实测数据相比,具有较高的吻合度。基于此模型,研究了稳态工况下,塔影效应、几何非线性以及桨距角变化对叶片运行参数和振动的影响。结果表明,叶片轴向推力和转矩在塔影区有明显下降,同时挥舞方向振动在塔影区存在显著波动。叶片的侧向弯曲刚度随着方位角的变化呈谐波式变化,转速影响叶片侧向弯曲刚度大小。当风速过大时,叶片通过桨距角变化可以有效抑制振动。

关键词: 空气动力学, 结构动力学, 塔影效应, 几何非线性, 摆振与挥舞

Abstract: The vibration mechanism of wind turbine blade is modeled as the foundation for studying blade vibration patterns and conducting fault diagnosis. A coupled structural dynamic and aerodynamic model of horizontal-axis wind turbine blade edgewise and flapwise vibrations is established by considering factors such as tower shadow effect, geometric nonlinearity, and pitch angle variations based on multi-coordinate transformations. The multi-body dynamic models are constructed for a 2 MW wind turbine flexible blade and a 3 MW wind turbine blade at one on-site wind farm, and the results show relatively high agreement with the calculations from GH Bladed software and measurements from actual blade. Based on this, the effects of tower shadow, geometric nonlinearity and pitch angle variations on blade operating parameters and vibration under steady-state conditions are studied. The results show that the axial thrust and torque of the blade decrease significantly in the tower shadow area. At the same time, there is a significant fluctuation in the wave direction vibration in the tower shadow area. The lateral bending stiffness of the blade varies harmonically with the azimuth angle, and the speed affects the lateral bending stiffness of the blade. When the wind speed is too high, vibration can be effectively suppressed by changing the pitch angle of the blade.

Key words: aerodynamics, structural dynamics, tower shadow, geometric nonlinearity, edgewise and flapwise

中图分类号:

TK83
O313

王思清, 滕伟, 王罗, 刘宇, 彭迪康, 马志勇, 柳亦兵. 水平轴风电机组叶片摆振与挥舞机理建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(3): 131-142.

WANG Siqing, TENG Wei, WANG Luo, LIU Yu, PENG Dikang, MA Zhiyong, LIU Yibing. Modeling of Blade Vibration Mechanism at Edgewise and Flapwise in Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(3): 131-142.

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水平轴风电机组叶片摆振与挥舞机理建模

Modeling of Blade Vibration Mechanism at Edgewise and Flapwise in Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

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