基于自修正系数和模糊PID的高端装备亚微米级不平衡振动靶向抑制方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.13.184

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (13): 184-192.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.13.184

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基于自修正系数和模糊PID的高端装备亚微米级不平衡振动靶向抑制方法

许聪聪^1,2, 潘鑫^1,2, 张皓宇^1,2, 张馨^1,2

1. 北京化工大学人工自愈研究所北京 100029;
2. 北京化工大学高端机械装备健康监控与自愈化北京市重点实验室北京 100029

收稿日期:2022-08-25 修回日期:2022-12-15 出版日期:2023-07-05 发布日期:2023-08-15
通讯作者: 潘鑫(通信作者),男,1987年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为旋转机械故障诊断与自愈调控。E-mail:panxin@mail.buct.edu.cn
作者简介:许聪聪,男,1997年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为转子自动平衡。E-mail:buctxcc@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51875031)和北京市自然科学基金(3212010)资助项目。

A Submicron Unbalance Vibration Targeted Suppression Method for High-end Equipment Based on Self-correcting Coefficient and Fuzzy PID

XU Congcong^1,2, PAN Xin^1,2, ZHANG Haoyu^1,2, ZHANG Xin^1,2

1. Artificial Self-recovery Research Institute, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Health Monitoring and Self-recovery for High-end Mechanical Equipment, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029

Received:2022-08-25 Revised:2022-12-15 Online:2023-07-05 Published:2023-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 转子系统不平衡振动是以高档机床和航空发动机为代表的高端装备振动超标的主要原因，为了实现高端装备不平衡振动的快准精稳抑制，提出了一种基于自修正系数和模糊PID的不平衡振动靶向抑制方法。该方法基于电磁式平衡执行器，以自修正系数法为核心，引入模糊PID算法对执行器内配重盘单次动作步数进行优化，仿真结果表明，模糊PID算法实现了配重盘的变步长控制，降低了平衡时间。最后通过模拟实验和现场试验验证了该方法的有效性和可靠性。模拟实验结果表明，该方法较传统影响系数法控制效果更好，平衡速度更快。现场试验结果表明，自动平衡系统可在30 s内将机床的不平衡振动从5.0μm降低至0.3 μm，实现了高端装备的振动亚微米级控制，并有效提高了加工工件的圆度误差。

关键词: 不平衡振动, 靶向抑制, 模糊PID, 自修正系数

Abstract: Unbalance vibration of rotor system is the main reason for the excessive vibration of high-end equipment represented by high-end machine tools and aero-engines. In order to achieve fast, accurate and precise suppression of unbalance vibration of high-end equipment, a targeted suppression method of unbalance vibration based on self-correcting coefficient and fuzzy PID is proposed. This method is based on the electromagnetic automatic balancing actuator, takes the self-correcting coefficient method as the core, and introduces the fuzzy PID algorithm to optimize the number of steps of a single action of the counterweight disc. The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID algorithm realizes the variable step size control of the counterweight disc and reduces the balancing time. Finally, the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method were verified through the test bench simulation experiment and the machine tool field test. The simulation experiment results show that the proposed method has better control effect and faster balancing speed than the traditional influence coefficient method. The field test results show that balancing system can reduce the unbalance vibration of the machine tool from 5.0 μm to 0.3 μm within 30 s, realize the sub-micron vibration control of high-end equipment, and effectively improve the roundness error of the machined workpiece.

Key words: unbalance vibration, targeted suppression, fuzzy PID, self-correcting coefficient

中图分类号:

TB123

许聪聪, 潘鑫, 张皓宇, 张馨. 基于自修正系数和模糊PID的高端装备亚微米级不平衡振动靶向抑制方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 184-192.

XU Congcong, PAN Xin, ZHANG Haoyu, ZHANG Xin. A Submicron Unbalance Vibration Targeted Suppression Method for High-end Equipment Based on Self-correcting Coefficient and Fuzzy PID[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(13): 184-192.

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基于自修正系数和模糊PID的高端装备亚微米级不平衡振动靶向抑制方法

A Submicron Unbalance Vibration Targeted Suppression Method for High-end Equipment Based on Self-correcting Coefficient and Fuzzy PID

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