轻质金属与陶瓷连接研究综述

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.06.073

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 轻质金属由于其高比强度的优点，在航空航天、能源、汽车、建筑、包装与交通运输等诸多领域中得到了广泛的应用。然而大多数轻质金属的高温强度较低，将轻质金属与陶瓷连接起来制备成复合结构有助于获得质量较轻，高温性能优良的构件。本文综述了钛合金，铝合金，锆合金与TiAl金属间化合物等常用轻质金属与Al₂O₃、ZrO₂、SiC、SiO₂、Si₃N₄与MAX相等常见陶瓷及SiO_2f/SiO₂和C_f/SiC等陶瓷基复合材料的钎焊，扩散焊的研究现状，并介绍了如中间层法，复合钎料法与界面结构设计等常用的缓解轻质金属与陶瓷接头中残余应力的方法，综述了中间层与复合钎料中增强相的选取原则，讨论了目前轻质金属与陶瓷连接中存在的问题与发展趋势。

关键词: 轻质金属, 陶瓷, 钎焊, 扩散焊, 残余应力

Abstract: Light weight metals have been widely used in aeronautics, astronautics, energy, automobile, architecture, packaging and transportation, because of their high strength to weight ratio. However, lightweight metals usually have relatively low high temperature strength. Joining them with ceramics to fabricate the composite structure is an effective approach to overcome these disadvantages. In this paper, we reviewed the development of the brazing and diffusion bonding of the commonly used lightweight metals including titanium alloys, aluminium alloys, zirconium alloys and TiAl intermetallic with ceramics such as Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, SiC, SiO₂, Si₃N₄, MAX and ceramic matrix composites including SiO_2f/SiO₂ and C_f/SiC. The commonly used approaches to alleviate the residual stress in the ceramic/ metal joint including the interlayer method, composite brazing filler method and the interface designing are introduced. The selection principles of the materials for the interlayer and the strengthening phases in composite brazing filler are reviewed. The developing trend of the ceramic/ lightweight metal joining is discussed.

Key words: light weight metal, ceramic, brazing, diffusion bonding, residual stress

中图分类号:

TG454

李淳, 王志权, 司晓庆, 亓钧雷, 冯吉才, 曹健. 轻质金属与陶瓷连接研究综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(6): 73-84.

LI Chun, WANG Zhiquan, SI Xiaoqing, QI Junlei, FENG Jicai, CAO Jian. Review on the Research of the Joining of Lightweight Metals and Ceramics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(6): 73-84.

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