造孔剂种类对数字光处理成形多孔Si3N4陶瓷性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.11.273

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (11): 273-282.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.11.273

扫码分享

造孔剂种类对数字光处理成形多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷性能的影响

吴亚茹^1,2,3, 张振雨^1,2,3, 张扬泽^1,2,3, 吴甲民^1,2,3, 田冲^1,2,3, 黄海露^1,2,3, 林鑫^4,5, 史玉升^1,2,3

1. 华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院武汉 430074;
2. 华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室武汉 430074;
3. 增材制造陶瓷材料教育部工程研究中心武汉 430074;
4. 西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室西安 710072;
5. 西北工业大学金属高性能增材制造与创新设计工业和信息化部重点实验室西安 710072

收稿日期:2023-07-01 修回日期:2023-12-15 出版日期:2024-06-05 发布日期:2024-08-02
作者简介:吴亚茹,女,1999年出生。主要研究方向为氮化硅陶瓷增材制造。E-mail:1165527995@qq.com
吴甲民(通信作者),男,1984年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为陶瓷增材制造及其应用。E-mail:jiaminwu@hust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51975230)、湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年(2022CFA086)、“慧眼行动”创新成果转化应用(62402010209)和凝固技术国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLSP202202)资助项目。

Effect of Pore-forming Agent Type on the Properties of Porous Si₃N₄ Ceramics Prepared by Digital Light Processing

WU Yaru^1,2,3, ZHANG Zhenyu^1,2,3, ZHANG Yangze^1,2,3, WU Jiamin^1,2,3, TIAN Chong^1,2,3, HUANG Hailu^1,2,3, LIN Xin^4,5, SHI Yusheng^1,2,3

1. School of Materials Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074;
2. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074;
3. Engineering Research Center of Ceramic Materials for Additive Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074;
4. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072;
5. Key Laboratory of Metal High Performance Additive Manufacturing and Innovative Design, MIIT China, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072

Received:2023-07-01 Revised:2023-12-15 Online:2024-06-05 Published:2024-08-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷由于其优秀的性能而被应用于航空航天等领域，添加造孔剂法是一种有效制备多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷的方法。采用数字光处理(Digital light processing, DLP)技术结合添加造孔剂法制备多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷，系统地研究了淀粉、稻壳粉、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)四种造孔剂对多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷性能的影响规律。研究表明，造孔剂粉体颗粒比表面积的不同对浆料黏度有所影响，其中，稻壳粉比表面积最大，其浆料黏度最小。同时，陶瓷浆料中固相含量的升高会导致固化深度降低；而固体颗粒的平均粒径增大会降低对紫外光的散射，使固化深度升高。此外，造孔剂的物理性质与形态差异会对素坯与烧结样品的微观形貌产生影响，但不影响多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷的相转变过程与断裂方式。多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷的抗弯强度随着孔隙率的增加而减小，而孔隙率则与造孔剂自身的物理性质和所形成孔隙的特点密切相关。综合考虑不同造孔剂对陶瓷浆料黏度和固化深度以及DLP打印素坯的质量与烧结样品性能的影响，选用PMMA造孔剂比较合适。添加10% PMMA作为造孔剂时，多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷的综合性能较好，体积密度为2.66 g/cm³，孔隙率为20.10%，抗弯强度为463.43 MPa。

关键词: 多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷, 数字光处理技术, 造孔剂, 孔隙率, 抗弯强度

Abstract: Porous Si₃N₄ ceramics were widely used in aerospace and other fields due to their excellent properties. Adding pore-forming agent is an effective method to prepare porous Si₃N₄ ceramics. Porous Si₃N₄ ceramics are prepared using digital light processing (DLP) technology combined with pore forming agent method, and the effects of four pore-forming agents (starch, rice husk powder, polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)) on the properties of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics are systematically investigated. It is shown that the difference in the specific surface area of the pore-forming agent powder particles had an effect on the viscosity of the slurry, among which the rice husk powder had the largest specific surface area and its slurry viscosity is the smallest. Meanwhile, the increase of the volume fraction of solid particles in the ceramic slurry led to a decrease in the depth of cure; while an increase in the average particle size of solid particles reduced the scattering of ultraviolet light, resulting in an increase in the depth of cure. In addition, the difference in physical properties and morphology of the pore-forming agent affected the micro-morphology of the green body and the sintered samples, but would not affect the phase transition process and fracture mode of the porous Si₃N₄ ceramics. The flexural strength of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics decreased with the increase of porosity, which was closely related to the physical properties of the pore-forming agent and the characteristics of the formed pores. Considering the influence of different pore-forming agents on the viscosity and curing depth of ceramic paste, the quality of body green and the properties of sintered sample, it was more appropriate to choose PMMA as the pore-forming agent. The addition of 10 wt% PMMA as the pore-forming agent resulted in a better overall performance of porous Si₃N₄ceramics with a bulk density of 2.66 g/cm³, a porosity of 20.10%, and a flexural strength of 463.43 MPa.

Key words: porous Si₃N₄ ceramics, digital light processing, pore-forming agent, porosity, flexural strength

中图分类号:

TG174

吴亚茹, 张振雨, 张扬泽, 吴甲民, 田冲, 黄海露, 林鑫, 史玉升. 造孔剂种类对数字光处理成形多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(11): 273-282.

WU Yaru, ZHANG Zhenyu, ZHANG Yangze, WU Jiamin, TIAN Chong, HUANG Hailu, LIN Xin, SHI Yusheng. Effect of Pore-forming Agent Type on the Properties of Porous Si₃N₄ Ceramics Prepared by Digital Light Processing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(11): 273-282.

参考文献

[1] AUDONE B,DELOGU A,MORIONDO P.Radome design and measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation&Measurement,1988,37(2):292-295.
[2] 秦笑威,谢志鹏,姚依旦,等.氮化硅陶瓷的烧结技术及其应用进展[J].陶瓷学报,2022,2022,43(6):971-986.QIN Xiaowei,XIE Zhipeng,YAO Yidan,et al.Progress in sintering technology and applications of silicon nitride ceramics[J].Journal of Ceramics,2022,2022,43(6):971-986.
[3] RILEY F L.Silicon nitride and related materials[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2004,83(2):245-265.
[4] 姚冬旭,曾宇平.多孔氮化硅陶瓷制备及其性能研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2019,47(9):1235-1241.YAO Dongxu,ZENG Yuping.Research progress on fabrication and properties of porous silicon nitride ceramics[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2019,47(9):1235-1241.
[5] 毛富洲,银锐明,李鹏飞,等.天线罩用高温透波陶瓷材料的研究进展[J].硬质合金,2022,39(2):149-155.MAO Fuzhou,YIN Ruiming,LI Pengfei,et al.Research progress of high-Temperature wave-transparent ceramic materials for radome[J].Cemented Carbides,2022,39(2):149-155.
[6] 吴伟骏,刘军,张娟,等.多孔氮化硅陶瓷的制备及应用现状[J].中国陶瓷,2016,52(7):10-13.WU Weijun,LIU Jun,ZHANG Juan,et al.Preparation and application status of porous Si₃N₄ ceramic[J].China Ceramic,2016,52(7):10-13.
[7] 孙肖坤,孙孟勇,刘小冲,等.冷冻干燥法制备高气孔率、低介电的Si₃N₄陶瓷[J].材料导报,2020,34(4):4025-4031.SUN Xiaokun,SUN Mengyong,LIU Xiaochong,et al.Research on Si₃N₄ with high porosity and low dielectric fabricated by freeze-drying method[J].Materials Reports,2020,34(4):4025-4031.
[8] 陈若愚,黑大千,汪瑜凡,等.有机泡沫浸渍法制备多孔结构陶瓷研究现状[J].耐火材料,2018,52(6):475-480.CHEN Ruoyu,HEI Daqian,WANG Yufan,et al.Progress in preparation of porous structure ceramics by organic foam impregnation method[J].Refractories,2018,52(6):475-480.
[9] 袁绮,谭划,杨廷旺,等.多孔陶瓷的制备方法及研究现状[J].硅酸盐通报,2021,40(8):2687-2701.YUAN Qi,TAN Hua,YANG Tingwang,et al.Preparation methods and research status of porous ceramics[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2021,40(8):2687-2701.
[10] 李佳佳,薛龙飞,张富强,等.多孔陶瓷的制备与应用[J].中国陶瓷工业,2022,29(3):35-43.LI Jiajia,XUE Longfei,ZHANG Fuqiang,et al.Preparation and application of porous ceramics[J].China Ceramic Industry,2022,29(3):35-43.
[11] 程喆.冷冻干燥技术制备多孔陶瓷的现状与展望[J].人工晶体学报,2018,47(2):452-456.CHENG Zhe.Present situation and prospect of porous ceramics produced by freeze casting technique[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2018,47(2):452-456.
[12] CAI Y,LI X,DONG J.Properties of porous Si₃N₄ ceramic electromagnetic wave transparent materials prepared by technique combining freeze drying and oxidation sintering[J].Journal of Materials Science:Materials in Electronics,2014,25(4):1949-1954.
[13] 康永,张庆.有机泡沫浸渍法氧化铝多孔陶瓷制备研究[J].佛山陶瓷,2016,26(11):45-49.KANG Yong,ZHANG Qing.Study on preparation of alumina porous ceramics by organic foam impregnation method[J].Foshan Ceramics,2016,26(11):45-49.
[14] WANG F,GU H,YIN J,et al.Porous Si₃N₄ fabrication via volume-controlled foaming and their sound absorption properties[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,727:163-167.
[15] WANG S,YANG Z,LUO X,et al.Preparation of calcium hexaluminate porous ceramics by gel-casting method with polymethyl methacrylate as pore-forming agent[J].Ceramics International,2022,48(20):30356-30366.
[16] COLAK G,LEINDERS G,VLEUGELS J,et al.Improved doping and densification of uranium oxide microspheres using starch as pore former[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2023,577:154319.
[17] YIN S,PAN L,HUANG K,et al.Porous Si₃N₄ ceramics with hierarchical pore structures prepared by gelcasting using DMAA as gelling agent and PS as pore-forming agent[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2019,805:69-77.
[18] ŽIVCOVÁZ,GREGOROVÁE,PABST W,et al.Thermal conductivity of porous alumina ceramics prepared using starch as a pore-forming agent[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2009,29(3):347-353.
[19] ZHAO Z,LI X,SU D,et al.Microstructure and properties of pressureless-sintered porous Si₃N₄ using PMMA as pore-forming agent[J].Integrated Ferroelectrics,2016,171(1):46-51.
[20] NOVAIS R M,SEABRA M P,LABRINCHA J A.Ceramic tiles with controlled porosity and low thermal conductivity by using pore-forming agents[J].Ceramics International,2014,40(8,Part A):11637-11648.
[21] TANG S,YANG L,LI G,et al.Fabrication of ceramic cores via layered extrusion forming using graphite as pore-forming agent[J].IOP Conference Series:Materials Science and Engineering,2018,423(01):012065.
[22] SHAO Y,JIA D,LIU B.Characterization of porous silicon nitride ceramics by pressureless sintering using fly ash cenosphere as a pore-forming agent[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2009,29(8):1529-1534.
[23] ZHOU J,FAN J,SUN G,et al.Preparation and properties of porous silicon nitride ceramics with uniform spherical pores by improved pore-forming agent method[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,632:655-660.
[24] ZHANG Z,LI J,CHENG T,et al.Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of AlSi7Mg alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion with on-line static magnetic field[J].Virtual and Physical Prototyping,2023,18(1):e2161918.
[25] XIE Y,TENG Q,SHEN M,et al.The role of overlap region width in multi-laser powder bed fusion of hastelloy x superalloy[J].Virtual and Physical Prototyping,2022,18(1):e2142802.
[26] FENG K,HU S,LI L,et al.Preparation of low residual silicon content Si-SiC ceramics by binder jetting additive manufacturing and liquid silicon infiltration[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2023,43(13):5446-5457.
[27] GRIFFITH M L,HALLORAN J W.Freeform fabrication of ceramics via stereolithography[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1996,79(10):2601-2608.

造孔剂种类对数字光处理成形多孔Si₃N₄陶瓷性能的影响

Effect of Pore-forming Agent Type on the Properties of Porous Si₃N₄ Ceramics Prepared by Digital Light Processing

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张驰, 刘富初, 穆英朋, 吴丁一, 吴明, 林雨霄, 韩光超, 樊自田. 基于浆料直写成形的多孔氧化铝陶瓷孔隙率与抗弯强度的相关性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(17): 330-338.
[2]	于康博, 吴甲民, 郑雯, 陈双, 张洁, 刘珩, 文世峰, 闫春泽, 史玉升. 浆料固相含量对数字光处理成形SiO₂基陶瓷性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(1): 259-266.
[3]	庄蔚敏, 孙健, 解东旋. Bezier曲线优化Voronoi泡沫铝几何模型研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(4): 41-47.
[4]	郭浩, 纪献兵, 徐进良. 颗粒形貌及表面润湿性对毛细芯及环路热管性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(14): 173-179.
[5]	康建峰, 王玲, 孙畅宁, 李涤尘, 靳忠民. 面向3D打印可变模量金属假体的微结构设计^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(5): 175-180.
[6]	林晨;黄明;李跃明. 基于序列图像重构的Al2O3/(W,Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料抗弯强度预测[J]. , 2014, 50(2): 62-59.
[7]	杨玉娥;何存富;吴斌. 同轴探头微波检测热障涂层的参数敏感性研究[J]. , 2014, 50(2): 36-41.
[8]	于永泽;陈海萍;胡庆夕. 生物凝胶微孔挤出胀大的有限元模拟与三维打印成形[J]. , 2014, 50(19): 151-157.
[9]	许中林;董天顺;康佳杰;赵雪勃;王海斗;李国禄. 基于均匀设计的NiCr-Cr3C2超声速等离子喷涂工艺参数优化研究[J]. , 2014, 50(18): 43-49.
[10]	刘刚田;吉晓民. 汽车驾驶室吸声材料的吸声系数计算方法[J]. , 2014, 50(12): 104-109.
[11]	闫玉曦;孙权;陈建钧;潘红良. 基于GTN模型的冷轧硅钢边部裂纹扩展研究[J]. , 2012, 48(10): 33-39.
[12]	李果;谈金祝;巩建鸣. PEM燃料电池双极板与气体扩散层界面接触电阻测量与模拟[J]. , 2011, 47(8): 158-162.
[13]	尤飞;姚远;胡庆夕. 仿生骨支架微观孔结构的构建与评价[J]. , 2011, 47(1): 138-144.
[14]	张人佶;刘利;熊卓;颜永年;王小红;金乐. 高孔隙率聚(乳酸—羟基乙酸)共聚物组织工程支架快速成形新工艺[J]. , 2010, 46(5): 105-109.
[15]	牟云飞;张翔;林莉;田宏涛;郭广平;李喜孟. 基于随机孔隙模型的CFRP孔隙率超声检测研究[J]. , 2010, 46(4): 22-26.