• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (18): 92-104.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.18.092

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

扫码分享

汽车转矩定向分配驱动技术发展现状综述

王军年, 杨斌, 王庆年, 倪健土   

  1. 吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点试验室 长春 130025
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-17 修回日期:2020-05-18 出版日期:2020-09-20 发布日期:2020-11-17
  • 作者简介:王军年,男,1981年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为电动汽车动力学与控制。E-mail:wjn@jlu.edu.cn;杨斌,男,1994年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电动汽车动力学与控制。E-mail:yangbinjlu@163.com;王庆年,男,1952年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为节能与新能源汽车设计与控制。E-mail:wqn@jlu.edu.cn;倪健土,男,1996年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电动汽车动力学与控制。E-mail:nijt18@mails.jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51875235)和吉林省科技发展计划(20180414011GH、20190802015ZG)资助项目。

Review on Vehicle Drive Technology of Torque Vectoring

WANG Junnian, YANG Bin, WANG Qingnian, NI Jiantu   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025
  • Received:2019-10-17 Revised:2020-05-18 Online:2020-09-20 Published:2020-11-17

摘要: 直接横摆力偶矩控制被广泛用于维持汽车稳定性,但是存在着降低车速、额外能量消耗的缺点,影响驾驶体验。近年来出现了采用差动驱动的转向定向分配(Torque vectoring,TV)新技术,该技术在控制车辆稳定性的同时减少了动力消耗,兼顾了车辆操纵稳定性和驾驶乐趣的双重需求。为全面了解TV技术发展现状,明确未来技术走向,首先介绍TV技术基本概念和研究热点问题,全面回顾关键总成转矩定向分配差速器的技术发展脉络。接着分析几种现有应用于传统汽车上的代表性转矩定向分配差速器的工作原理和技术特点。最后针对电动汽车,提出一种新型电动转矩定向分配驱动桥的自有专利技术,论证了其力学特性和工作原理。研究可见,TV技术能够一定程度上解决车辆稳定性控制与驾驶乐趣的矛盾;提出的无离合器摩擦元件的新型电动转矩定向分配驱动桥,其灵活自由的轮间转矩分配的特性将会在电动汽车综合动力学性能提升方面发挥重要作用。TV技术将成为未来电动汽车向高性能、高端化方向发展的重要研究方向。

关键词: 电动汽车, 转矩定向分配, 差速器, 稳定性, 操控性, 横摆控制

Abstract: The direct yaw moment control is now widely used to maintain vehicle stability, but it also has the shortcomings of vehicle speed reduction and additional energy consumption, which affect the driving experience. In recent years, the technology of torque vectoring (TV) by differential drive has been developed. This technology reduces the power consumption while controlling the stability of the vehicle, takes into account the dual needs of vehicle maneuverability, stability and driving pleasure. In order to fully understand the development status of TV technology and clarify its future trend, the basic concept and research hotspots of TV technology is introduced first, and the technological development context of the torque vectoring differential as a key assembly is comprehensively reviewed. Then, the working principles and technical characteristics of several representative torque vectoring differentials currently used in traditional vehicles are analyzed. Finally, a novel electric torque vectoring drive-axle which is our patented technology is proposed for electric vehicles, and its mechanics properties and working principle are demonstrated. The research shows that TV technology can solve the contradiction between vehicle stability control and driving pleasure to a certain extent. The proposed novel torque vectoring drive axle without clutch friction elements will play an important role in improving the overall dynamic performance of electric vehicles. TV technology will become an important research direction for the future development of electric vehicles towards high performance and high-end.

Key words: electric vehicle, torque vectoring, differential, stability, maneuverability, yaw control

中图分类号: