• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 2009, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 193-197.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

控制锻件变形均匀性和变形力的锻造预成形多目标优化设计

赵新海;李剑峰;黄晓慧;赵国群;王广春   

  1. 山东大学材料学院;山东大学机械工程学院
  • 发布日期:2009-05-15

Optimal Preform Die Shape Design through Controlling Deformation Uniformity and Deforming Force in Metal Forging

ZHAO Xinhai LI Jianfeng;HUANG Xiaohui;ZHAO Guoqun;WANG Guangchun   

  1. College of Material, Shandong University College of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University
  • Published:2009-05-15

摘要: 以影响锻件质量的重要因素——锻造预成形模具形状为研究对象,对锻造过程展开同时包括锻件变形力和变形均匀性两个方面的优化设计的研究。研究目标是使锻件变形最均匀的同时变形力最小,即获得变形均匀性和变形力综合性能最好的终锻件。基于有限元数值模拟方法,采用有限元灵敏度分析方法,首次对同时控制锻件变形均匀性和变形力的锻造过程预成形进行多目标优化设计研究。给出总目标函数和各子目标函数的表达形式,并详细推导各目标函数相对于优化设计变量的灵敏度。利用自行开发的程序,对断面为H形的轴对称锻件进行预成形多目标优化设计,给出优化过程中总目标函数及各子目标函数、预成形模具形状、预成形件形状及终锻件等效应变和y向应力的分布变化情况。结果表明,通过对预成形模具形状进行优化设计,总目标函数、变形均匀性子目标函数和变形力子目标函数分别下降了13%,33%和6%左右,达到了同时对锻件变形均匀性和变形力进行优化的目的。

关键词: 变形力, 锻造, 多目标, 均匀性, 灵敏度, 预成形

Abstract: With the preform die shape as the research object, the optimization design of metal forging is studied. The deformation uniformity and deforming force of the final forging are considered in the multiple objective function. The optimization objective is to optimize the deformation uniformity and the deforming force of the final forging at the same time so the best quality of the final forging can be obtained. Based on FEM, the multiple objective preform optimization design is carried out by using the sensitivity analysis method. The expression forms of the total objective function and the sub-objective function are given. The sensitivity equations of the total objective function and the sub-objective functions with respect to the design variables are developed. On this basis, a FORTRAN software used to perform the multiple objective perform design is developed. And then, the preform die shape of an H-shaped forging process is designed. The total objective function, sub-objective function, the perform die shape and the effective strain, y-stress distribution of the forging during the optimization are given. The results show that after optimization the total objective function, the deformation uniformity sub-objective function and the deforming force sub-objective function decrease 13%, 33% and 6% respectively. The goal that the deformation uniformity and the deforming force are optimized at the same time is achieved.

Key words: Deforming force, Forging, Multiple objective, Preform, Sensitivity, Uniformity

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