• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 2002, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 86-88.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

永磁体磁浮叶轮血泵的研制和试验研究

钱坤喜;曾培;茹伟民;袁海宇   

  1. 江苏理工大学医工所
  • 发布日期:2002-05-15

PROTOTYPE DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A PERMANENT MAGLEV IMPELLER BLOOD PUMP

Qian Kunxi;Zeng Pei;Ru Weimin;Yuan Haiyu   

  1. Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
  • Published:2002-05-15

摘要: 旋转血泵磁浮轴承的定子和转子之间没有机械接触,所以其内部不会发生机械磨损或产生血栓。然而,现有的磁浮轴承均采用电磁铁来实现磁浮,不仅控制复杂,而且自身消耗能量。事实上,叶轮血泵要做到用电磁铁来实现磁浮,势必要影响其装置的简易性、可靠性和可植入性。采用永久磁铁研制出磁浮叶轮血泵。泵的转子径向由永久磁铁磁力支撑,转子的一端紧固叶轮,另一端镶嵌磁钢;与转子磁钢相对,驱动磁钢连接在电动机转轴上。这样,电动机通过磁偶合来驱动转子。在实验室用生理盐水试验,当转子静止或低于4000r/min旋转时,转子磁钢在轴向与位于转子和定子之间的隔板有一点接触,接触点位于转子的轴线上。当转子转速逐渐增加至4000r/min以上,转子在轴向与定子脱离,从而实现完全磁浮。由于转子轴向磁浮由液动力产生,且转子磁钢有陀螺效应,所以转子在浮起的过程中运转非常平稳。作为左心室辅助装置,叶轮血泵工作转速范围在5000~8000r/min之间,所以实用时转子完全磁浮是不成问题的。永磁体磁浮叶轮泵保持了旋转血泵的优点,而且克服了用电磁铁来实现磁浮的诸多缺点,能够满足人工心脏叶轮血泵应用的大多数技术要求,从而更具实用价值。

关键词: 磁浮轴承, 离心泵, 陀螺效应, 血泵, 3-RPR, 串并联机构, 过约束, 蠕动

Abstract: Magnetic bearing has no mechanical contact between the rotor and stator, and a rotary pump with magnetic bearing has therefore no mechanical wear and thrombosis. The available magnetic bearings, however, are devised with electric magnets, need complicated control and remarkable energy consumption. Consequently, it is difficult to apply an electric magnetic bearing to rotary pump, without affecting its simplicity, implantability and reliability. The author has developed a levitated impeller pump merely with permanent magnets. The rotor is supported by permanent magnetic forces radially. On one side of the rotor, the impeller is fixed; and on the other side of the rotor, the rotor magnets are mounted. Opposite to this rotor magnets, a driving magnets is fastened on the motor axis. Thereafter, the motor drives the rotor via magnetic coupling. In laboratory tests with saline, in case the rotor keeps still or rotates under 4 000 r/min, the rotor magnets have one-point contact axially with a spacer between the rotor magnets and the driving magnets. The contacting point is located in the center of the rotor. As the rotating speed increases gradually to over 4 000 r/min, the rotor will disaffiliate from the stator axially. Then the rotor will be fully levitated. Since the axial levitation is produced by hydraulic force and the rotor magnets have a gyro-effect, the rotor rotates very stably during levitation. As a left ventricular assist device, the pump works in a rotating speed range of 5 000~8 000 r/min, and the levitation of the impeller, hence, is assured by the practical use of the pump. The permanent maglev impeller pump retains the advantages of rotary pump but overcomes the disadvantages of the levitated pump with electric magnetic-bearing, and has actually met most of requirements of artificial heart blood pump, thus promises to be able to replace the donor heart for transplantation and to support the failing heart permanently.

Key words: Blood pump, Centrifugal pump, Gyro-effect, Magnetic bearing, 3-RPR, Inchworm locomotion, Over-constrainted, Serial-parallel mechanism

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