虑及各向异性的CFRTP零件砂带磨削材料去除模型研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260430

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites, CFRTP)具有轻质高强、易实现构件整体制造和可修复等优势，被日益广泛地应用于航空航天大型构件中。航空航天CFRTP大型构件的装配质量直接影响装备的安全与性能，常需要对近净成形的CFRTP制件进行磨削修形来满足连接装配的精度要求。在磨削加工过程中，材料去除数学模型的预测精度直接影响零件的轮廓精度。然而，由于CFRTP的各向异性，传统模型无法保证其沿不同方向磨削时的预测精度。为此，首先结合Preston方程，引入方向性系数表征了CFRTP去除厚度的各向异性，建立了虑及纤维方向角的CFRTP零件磨削材料去除深度和材料去除率数学模型。然后，利用CFRTP零件机器人磨削系统进行磨削试验，对模型中的未知系数进行拟合，并通过试验验证了模型预测的平均相对误差低于12%，模型具有较高的预测精度。最后，分析了各磨削工艺参数对材料去除的影响规律，并结合磨削后表面形貌和材料去除机理，解释并验证了去除模型所揭示的纤维方向角对材料去除的影响规律。

关键词: 碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料, 各向异性, 材料去除数学模型, Preston方程

Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTP) are increasingly used in large aerospace components due to their advantages of light weight, high strength, easy fabrication and repairability. The assembly quality of large components of aerospace CFRTP directly affects the safety and performance of equipment, and it is often necessary to grind and modify the near-net formed CFRTP parts to meet the accuracy requirements of connection assembly. In the grinding process, the prediction accuracy of the material removal mathematical model directly affects the contour accuracy of the part. However, due to the anisotropy of CFRTP, the traditional mathematical model cannot guarantee the prediction accuracy when grinding in different directions. Therefore, the anisotropy of CFRTP removal thickness is characterized by the directivity coefficient combined with Preston equation, and the material removal depth and material removal rate mathematical model of CFRTP parts are established taking into account the fiber direction angle. Then, the robotic grinding system of CFRTP parts is used to carry out grinding tests, and the unknown coefficients in the model are fitted, the experiment verifies that the average relative error of the model is less than 12%, and the model has high prediction accuracy. Finally, the influence of grinding parameters on material removal was analyzed, and the influence of fiber orientation angle on material removal revealed by the removal model was explained and verified by combining the surface morphology and material removal mechanism.

Key words: CFRTP, anisotropy, material removal mathematical model, Preston equation

中图分类号:

TB332

沈益帆, 赵欢, 闫鑫, 丁汉. 虑及各向异性的CFRTP零件砂带磨削材料去除模型研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(9): 383-393.

SHEN Yifan, ZHAO Huan, YAN Xin, DING Han. Research on Material Removal Mathematical Models for Abrasive Belt Grinding of CFRTP Parts with Anisotropy in Mind[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(9): 383-393.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260430

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I9/383

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