• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (4): 309-317.doi: 10.3901/JME.260127

• 交叉与前沿 • 上一篇    

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大型风电机组地面测试台导向加载静压支承技术

李丹阳1,2, 林勇刚1,3, 顾亚京1,3, 刘宏伟1,3, 徐志良4, 付德义5   

  1. 1. 浙江大学流体动力基础件与机电系统全国重点实验室 杭州 310027;
    2. 天目山实验室 杭州 310023;
    3. 浙江大学海洋研究院 舟山 316021;
    4. 金风科技股份有限公司 北京 102600;
    5. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 北京 100192
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19 修回日期:2025-09-04 发布日期:2026-04-02
  • 作者简介:李丹阳,女,1997年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为可再生能源机电控制。E-mail:17330038895@163.com
    林勇刚(通信作者),男,1976年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为风力及海流能发电装备。E-mail:yglin@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    飞行器数字敏捷设计全国重点实验室开放基金(KFJJ-2024-I-02-03)和国家自然科学基金(12372040)资助项目。

Hydrostatic Oriented Support Loading Technology of Large Wind Turbine Ground Test Bench

LI Danyang1,2, LIN Yonggang1,3, GU Yajing1,3, LIU Hongwei1,3, XU Zhiliang4, FU Deyi5   

  1. 1. The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027;
    2. Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou 310023;
    3. Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021;
    4. Gold Wind Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600;
    5. China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100192
  • Received:2025-02-19 Revised:2025-09-04 Published:2026-04-02

摘要: 大型风电机组在进行地面测试时,非扭矩载荷通过与地面固定的液压缸作用到旋转的等效加载盘上,且加载盘存在空间自由度上的位移和转角,给加载过程带来了额外的摩擦甚至碰撞。因此,提出一种导向加载静压支承技术,以20 MW风电机组加载盘的空间姿态为依据,进行导向静压支承的结构设计和承载特性分析,保证液压缸加载力矢量始终与加载盘的受载平面垂直,同时有效避免干摩擦,降低风力转矩复现时的功率损失。建立导向静压加载动态特性模型和计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)仿真模型,分析液压加载过程中油膜的动态响应情况,验证球面副及平面副的压力和流速分布特性。平面副油膜的最大刚度值可达2 554 N/μm,加载盘在4°的偏角下,封油带起始包角处压差仅占流域内最大压力的1.63%,证明了在极限加载力和极限偏角下,不会出现挤压过度导致润滑失效的情况。搭建导向加载静压支承试验台,测得不同加载盘侧倾角度和不同加载力下的油膜厚度变化,验证了导向加载静压支承技术的可行性。

关键词: 风电机组, 液压加载, 静压支承, 导向加载

Abstract: For the ground testing of large wind turbines, the load is applied to the rotating loading disk by the fixed hydraulic cylinder. The loading disk has displacement and rotation angles in spatial degrees-of-freedom, which lead to friction and collision to the loading process. A hydrostatic oriented support loading technology is proposed in this article. Based on the spatial attitude of the loading disk of a 20 MW wind turbine, the structure and the bearing characteristics of the hydrostatic oriented support are analyzed. The loading force vector of the hydraulic cylinder can be always perpendicular to the loading plane of the loading disk. The dry friction can be avoided and the power loss of wind torque reproduction is reduced. The dynamic characteristic model and the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) flow field simulation model are established. The dynamic responses of the oil film in the hydraulic loading process are analyzed. And the simulation results verify the pressure and flow velocity distribution characteristics of spherical and planar surfaces. The maximum stiffness value of the planar secondary oil film is 2 554 N/μm. At a deflection angle of 4°, the pressure difference only accounts for 1.63% of the maximum pressure. The results prove that there will be no excessive compression and lubrication failure under the ultimate loading force and angle. A test bench of the hydrostatic oriented support loading is conducted to measure the oil film thickness changes at different tilting angles, which verify the feasibility of the hydrostatic oriented loading technology.

Key words: wind turbine, hydraulic loading, hydrostatic support, oriented loading

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