波箔轴承摩擦力学行为分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.01.243

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了深入分析摩擦力对波箔轴承刚度和阻尼特性的影响，完善了波箔气体轴承库伦摩擦模型，综合考虑了波拱顶部与平箔间摩擦力以及波箔底部支撑点与轴承座之间的摩擦力以及波箔拱之间的相互作用，添加了判定波箔拱翘起以及与轴承座脱离的判据，使之与实际的波箔变形问题更加接近，研究了摩擦因数和波箔厚度等参数变化对波箔径向气体轴承刚度特性、耗散能量以及滑移状态的影响。研究结果表明：加载过程中，波拱顶部节点始终处于滑移状态。卸载过程中，拱顶部和底部支撑点会经历从滑移状态转变为滞止状态再转变为滑移状态的过程，且波拱越靠近固定端，其滑移状态转变也越晚。随着波箔厚度的增加，波箔刚度逐渐增大，箔片耗散能量逐渐减小。从固定端至自由端，各波拱刚度和耗散能量基本呈现先增加后减小的趋势。在波箔轴承其他参数保持不变时，存在一个合适的摩擦因数使得轴承整体性能达到相对最佳。

关键词: 气体轴承, 波箔轴承, 轴承刚度, 耗散能量, 库伦摩擦机理

Abstract: In order to have an in-depth understanding of the Coulomb friction on the stiffness and damping characteristics of the bump foil bearing, the Coulomb friction model is improved. The friction between the bump foil and the flat foil, as well as the friction between the bearing house and the bump foil, and the interaction between the bumps are considered. A criterion for determining whether the bump is warped and detached from the bearing house is added to bring it closer to the actual condition. The influence of the friction and the bump thickness etc. foil on the stiffness, energy dissipation and slipping state of the bump bearing is investigated. The results show that the top points of the bumps are in slipping state all the time during the loading process. During the unloading process, the top and bottom points of bumps go through the process of changing from the slipping state to the hysteresis state and then to the slipping state. When the bump is closer to the fixed end, the slippage state transformation is later. With the increase of bump foil thickness, the bump stiffness gradually is enhanced and the foil dissipation energy gradually is reduced. From the fixed end to the free end, the stiffness and dissipation energy of each bump basically show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. When the other parameters of bump foil bearing are kept constant, there exists an optimal friction coefficient that can make the overall performance of the bearing relatively optimal.

Key words: gas bearing, bump bearing, bearing stiffness, dissipation energy, Coulomb friction mechanism

中图分类号:

TH133

赵琪, 强铭琛, 侯予, 陈双涛, 赖天伟. 波箔轴承摩擦力学行为分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(1): 243-252.

ZHAO Qi, QIANG Mingchen, HOU Yu, CHEN Shuangtao, LAI Tianwei. Analysis of the Frictional Mechanical Behavior of Bump Foil Bearing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(1): 243-252.

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