基于机电惯容的漂浮式海上风力机无源振动控制

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.05.202

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 机电惯容是一种新型惯容装置，可利用电路网络实现高阶机械阻抗，具有性能和空间上的优势。由于海上风力机的机舱空间有限，研究了位于浮式平台中的机电惯容系统对漂浮式海上风力机载荷的影响。根据直流电机的特性，电机轴的转矩输出与电机回路中的电流呈线性关系，因此针对所建立的机电惯容，重点研究了所有由单个电阻、电容、电感组成的电路网络对漂浮式风力机减振性能的影响。为了降低优化过程中的复杂度，首先建立了3自由度(Degree of freedom,DOF)漂浮式海上风力机模型，随后优化了含有电路网络模型的输入输出传递函数的H₂范数，得到电路网络最优参数。最后，基于美国可再生能源实验室的5 MW基准风力机模型对优化结果进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明，在不考虑装置工作行程的情况下，所建立的机电惯容调谐质量阻尼器(Mechatronic inerter tuned mass damper，MITMD)系统可以有效减少风力机系统的结构载荷。相较于减振装置位于机舱中的情况，建立在平台中的MITMD系统可以同时减轻塔基和塔顶转轴处的载荷。MITMD的控制效果以运动位移为代价，因此在实际应用中需要折中考虑减振效果和装置的工作行程。

关键词: 海上风力机, 机电惯容, 振动控制, 无源电路, TMD

Abstract: Mechatronic inerter is a new type of inerter device that utilizes circuit networks to achieve high-order mechanical impedances with performance and space advantages. Due to the limited nacelle space of offshore wind turbines, the influence of mechatronic inerter located in a floating platform on the mechanical loads of barge-type offshore wind turbines is studied. According to the characteristics of the DC motor, the torque output of the motor shaft has a linear relationship with the current in the motor circuit. Therefore, for the established mechatronic inerter, focuses on the effects of all circuit networks consisting of a single resistor, capacitor, and inductor on the vibration reduction performance of floating wind turbines. In order to reduce the complexity of the optimization process, a three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) barge-type offshore wind turbine model is first established, and then the H₂ norm of the input and output transfer functions including the circuit network model is optimized to obtain the optimal parameters of the circuit network. Finally, the optimization results are simulated based on the USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory 5 MW baseline wind turbine model. The simulation results show that the established mechatronic inerter tuned mass damper(MITMD) system can effectively reduce the structural load of the wind turbine system if the working stroke of the device is not considered. Compared with the case where the vibration device in the nacelle, the MITMD system in the platform established can reduce the load on the tower base and the tower top at the same time. The control effect of MITMD comes at the expense of motion displacement, therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to compromise between the vibration reduction effect and the working stroke of the device.

Key words: offshore wind turbine, mechatronic inerter, vibration control, passive circuit, TMD

中图分类号:

TK83

胡银龙, 徐进, 程昌俊, 周辉, 蔡旭昊. 基于机电惯容的漂浮式海上风力机无源振动控制[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(5): 202-211.

HU Yinlong, XU Jin, CHENG Changjun, ZHOU Hui, CAI Xuhao. Passive Vibration Control of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Based on Mechatronic Inerter[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(5): 202-211.

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