激光选区熔化成形CuCrZr合金导电率提升机理研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.17.297

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了满足制件的高导电性能要求，对激光选区熔化(Selective laser melting, SLM)成形CuCrZr合金的导电率进行研究。首先优化工艺参数获得了致密度为99.37%的试样，然后讨论了致密度和热处理工艺对导电率的影响规律。结果表明，CuCrZr合金的导电率与致密度具有较强的正线性关系；对合金导电率影响较大的热处理参数是固溶温度和时效时间。固溶处理过程中，CuCrZr的导电率随固溶时间增加先略微降低后升高，而随固溶温度升高先大幅度降低后升高。时效过程中，导电率随时效时间增加逐渐升高并趋于稳定；热处理后的冷却速度越慢，合金的导电率越高；CuCrZr合金最佳的热处理制度为1000℃固溶2h并炉冷却至室温，此时合金导电率为91.20%±0.49% IACS。相较于已有研究，系统地分析了热处理工艺对导电率的提升机理并提出调控方向，为增材制造高导电率合金提供参考依据。

关键词: 激光选区熔化, CuCrZr合金, 热处理, 导电率

Abstract: In order to meet the requirements of high electrical conductivity of parts, the electrical conductivity of CuCrZr alloy formed by selective laser melting (SLM) is studied. First, a relative density of 99.37% is obtained after laser processing parameters optimization, and the influence of relative density and post heat treatments on the electrical conductivity are discussed in detail. The results show that the electrical conductivity of CuCrZr alloy has a strong linear relationship with relative density, and solution temperature and aging time also demonstrate significant influence on the thermal conductivity of CuCrZr alloy. During the solid solution treatments, the electrical conductivity of CuCrZr alloy decreases slightly and then increases with the increase of the solution time, while greatly decreases first and then increases with the increase of the solution temperature. During the aging process, the electrical conductivity gradually increases with the increase of the aging time and gradually stabilizes. The slower the cooling rate after heat treatment, the higher the electrical conductivity of the alloy. The best heat treatment of CuCrZr alloy is solid solution at 1 000 ℃ for 2 h followed by cooling in the furnace, achieving an electrical conductivity of 91.20±0.49% IACS. Compared with the existing research, the mechanism of heat treatment process to improve electrical conductivity is systematically analyzed and the direction of regulation is proposed, which provides a reference for additive manufacturing of high-conductivity alloys.

Key words: selective laser melting, CuCrZr alloy, heat treatment, electrical conductivity

中图分类号:

TG156

欧远辉, 王迪, 刘林青, 杨永强, 韩昌骏, 陶振青, 伊浩, 邓澄, 谭超林, 吴光正. 激光选区熔化成形CuCrZr合金导电率提升机理研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(17): 297-308.

OU Yuanhui, WANG Di, LIU Linqing, YANG Yongqiang, HAN Changjun, TAO Zhenqing, YI Hao, DENG Cheng, TAN Chaolin, WU Guangzheng. Mechanisms of Electrical Conductivity Improvement of CuCrZr Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(17): 297-308.

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