列车制动块磨损行为动态演变数值分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.18.204

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (18): 204-213.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.18.204

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列车制动块磨损行为动态演变数值分析

尹家宝^1,2, 卢纯^1,2, 全鑫¹, 莫继良^1,2

1. 西南交通大学机械工程学院成都 610031;
2. 轨道交通运维技术与装备四川省重点实验室成都 610031

收稿日期:2021-03-22 修回日期:2021-06-29 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-11-30
通讯作者: 卢纯(通信作者),男,1989年出生,博士/博士后,讲师。主要研究方向为多轴疲劳可靠性、铁路摩擦学、热机耦合场。E-mail:clu@swjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:尹家宝,男,1997年出生。主要研究方向为界面摩擦学。E-mail:jiabao@my.swjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51822508）、四川省科技计划（2020JDTD0012）和中央高校基本科研基金（2682021CX028）资助项目。

Analysis of Wear Behavior Dynamic Evolution on Railway Brake Pad

YIN Jiabao^1,2, LU Chun^1,2, QUAN Xin¹, MO Jiliang^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
2. Technology and Equipment of Rail Transit Operation and Maintenance Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031

Received:2021-03-22 Revised:2021-06-29 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-11-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 磨损是铁路列车制动块的主要损伤形式之一，目前对制动块磨损的研究主要以试验手段为主。提出一种求解列车制动块磨损问题的数值方法，该方法利用有限元软件ABAQUS及其磨损子程序，将Archard磨损模型嵌入到制动界面摩擦学问题的求解中，通过在相邻增量步间计算磨损状态以实现磨损累积与动态演变过程的模拟。同时，应用任意拉格朗日-欧拉（Arbitrary lagrangian-eulerian，ALE）技术实现网格重绘，克服单元质量和最大磨损深度对计算效率和收敛性的限制。最后，在后处理中通过Matlab和Fortran对ABAQUS进行二次开发，直接获取磨损信息，并与制动台架试验结果对比验证了该方法的有效性。利用该方法，研究了制动块几何形状对摩擦力、接触倾角、接触区域、接触压力和制动块磨损等制动界面摩擦学行为的影响。结果表明，合适的制动块形状可以改善列车摩擦制动系统的服役摩擦学行为，减缓制动块磨损，提高制动系统服役可靠性。该研究成果可为今后铁路制动块形状的优化设计提供参考。

关键词: 制动块, 铁路列车, 磨损仿真, 摩擦学行为, 有限元分析

Abstract: Wear is one of the main damage forms for train brake blocks, experimental approach is the main research method for the study of brake block wear. A numerical method is presented for solving the problem of train brake block wear with the help of finite element software ABAQUS and self-written wear subroutine, Archard wear model is embed into the tribological solution on brake interface, the simulation of the accumulation and dynamic evolution process of brake block wear are realized by calculating the response status step by step. Meanwhile, arbitrary lagrage-Eurler(ALE) technique is employed for remeshing, in order to overcome the computational efficiency and convergence limitations resulted from mesh quality and maximum wear depth. Finally, a secondary development in ABAQUS Post-processing is carried out by Matlab and Fortran to obtain wear information directly, the effectiveness of the method is verified with brake bench tests. Using this method, the effect of friction block geometry on friction force, contact inclination angle, contact area, contact pressure and surface wear is investigated. The results indicate that a suitable friction block geometry can improve the service tribological feature of railway friction brake system, reduce the wear of brake block and enhance the service reliability of the brake system. The theoretical support can be provided for the design optimization of railway brake block shape in the future.

Key words: brake pad, railway train, wear simulation, tribological behavior, finite element analysis

中图分类号:

TH117

尹家宝, 卢纯, 全鑫, 莫继良. 列车制动块磨损行为动态演变数值分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(18): 204-213.

YIN Jiabao, LU Chun, QUAN Xin, MO Jiliang. Analysis of Wear Behavior Dynamic Evolution on Railway Brake Pad[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(18): 204-213.

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列车制动块磨损行为动态演变数值分析

Analysis of Wear Behavior Dynamic Evolution on Railway Brake Pad

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