基于剪切涡流运动的自激振荡脉冲射流减阻特性

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.04.076

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4): 76-84.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.04.076

• 可再生能源与工程热物理 • 上一篇下一篇

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基于剪切涡流运动的自激振荡脉冲射流减阻特性

汪朝晖^1,2, 饶长健^1,2, 孙笑^1,2, 高全杰^1,2

1. 武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室武汉 430081;
2. 武汉科技大学机械传动与制造工程湖北省重点实验室武汉 430081

收稿日期:2019-03-07 修回日期:2019-08-19 出版日期:2020-02-20 发布日期:2020-04-23
作者简介:汪朝晖,男,1981年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为自激振荡脉冲射流理论及新技术。E-mail:zhwang@wust.edu.cn;饶长健,男,1993年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为多相流及湍流流动机理。E-mail:1161898629@qq.com;孙笑,女,1993年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为流体机械设计理论及方法。E-mail:872264283@qq.com;高全杰,男,1963年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为先进机械装备创新设计及应用。E-mail:gaoqj6328@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51875419，51405352）和武汉市高新技术产业科技创新团队计划（2015070504020225）资助项目。

Drag Reduction Characteristics of the Self-excited Oscillation Pulse Jet Based on Shear Vortex Motion

WANG Zhaohui^1,2, RAO Changjian^1,2, SUN Xiao^1,2, GAO Quanjie^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081;
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081

Received:2019-03-07 Revised:2019-08-19 Online:2020-02-20 Published:2020-04-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 流体运动特性对管道近壁面阻力变化有重要影响。以速度梯度和切应力线性表示壁面摩擦阻力，分析了自激振荡腔室出流管道剪切涡流演变规律及圆截面涡流层次分布状态变化。采用大涡模拟数值方法，计算得到出流管道某轴切面及法向面的瞬时速度和平均速度、不同上下游管径比下出流管道的壁面切应力以及不同长径比下出流管道的法向速度梯度。研究结果表明：自激振荡脉冲射流流动受反向助推涡影响具有强烈三维特性，射流流型呈现“波浪式”运动且发生周向偏转，射流流速及流型均发生周期性波动变化；当自激振荡腔室上下游管径比大于1时，出流管道壁面切应力开始减小，且随腔室上下游管径比增大，切应力缩减率最大达到约30%，壁面摩擦阻力随之减小；自激振荡腔室长径比在0.55时射流最大法向速度梯度波动幅值达到最大，当长径比继续增大时，出流管道内射流法向速度梯度逐渐减小，摩擦阻力亦随之减小。研究结果可为自激振荡脉冲增输装备设计及优化提供理论基础与科学依据。

关键词: 剪切涡流, 自激振荡, 脉冲射流, 壁面切应力, 法向速度梯度

Abstract: The fluid motion specialty has an important influence on the resistance at the near wall surface. The frictional resistance of the wall surface is linearly represented by the velocity gradient and the shear stress. The evolution of the shear eddy current and the distribution of eddy current in the self-excited oscillation chamber are analyzed. The numerical analysis method of large eddy simulation is used to find out instantaneous and average flow speeds of an axial section and normal plane in the outflow pipe, the shear stress of the near wall surface under different upstream and downstream pipe diameter ratios, and velocity gradient of normal plane under different aspect ratios in the outflow pipe. The results show that the self-excited oscillation pulse jet flow is strongly specialty of three-dimensional affected by the reverse boost vortex, forming a “wave-like” flow and circumferential deflection, and the flow velocity and flow pattern decreases with the change of position in a pulse-like manner; when the ratio of the diameter is larger than 1, the shear stress of the near wall surface in the outflow pipe is reduced, and as the ratios of upstream and downstream pipe diameter is gradually increased, the maximum reduction rate of wall shear stress reaches about 30% and the frictional resistance of the near wall surface is decreased; the maximum normal velocity gradient fluctuates when the length-diameter ratio is 0.55. Large fluctuations occur, but as the aspect ratio continues to increase, the jet velocity gradient gradually decreases and the frictional resistance will be reduced in the outflow pipe. The research results can provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the design of self-excited oscillation pulse drag reduction and transmission device.

Key words: shear layer, self-oscillating, pulse jet, wall shear stress, normal speed gradient

中图分类号:

TP69

汪朝晖, 饶长健, 孙笑, 高全杰. 基于剪切涡流运动的自激振荡脉冲射流减阻特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(4): 76-84.

WANG Zhaohui, RAO Changjian, SUN Xiao, GAO Quanjie. Drag Reduction Characteristics of the Self-excited Oscillation Pulse Jet Based on Shear Vortex Motion[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(4): 76-84.

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基于剪切涡流运动的自激振荡脉冲射流减阻特性

Drag Reduction Characteristics of the Self-excited Oscillation Pulse Jet Based on Shear Vortex Motion

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