单根锅炉受热管泄漏过程建模

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.06.182

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锅炉承压受热管泄漏建模可以帮助人们确定该故障管在泄漏过程中管壁超温的位置、幅度和时间，这是管子失效分析和现场抢修时较为关注的问题。建立了单根锅炉受热管泄漏过程数学模型，用于模拟一台300 MW锅炉再热器从微量泄漏到爆口充分发展过程中受热管内工质流量和壁温变化，并采用实际泄漏受热管的运行参数对泄漏过程进行了模拟，得到爆口发展过程；结果表明，爆口面积发展到一定范围内，下游管段将出现超温，超温的时间、幅度和位置与爆口面积及发展过程有关；本模型对泄漏过程的预测与受热面失效分析工作中所观察到爆口及过热段的分布相一致，模型可用于故障管的分析和评估，并对于开发早期泄漏诊断方法，减少原始泄漏管对相邻受热管的吹损有一定实际意义。

关键词: 爆管, 电厂, 锅炉, 数学模型, 泄漏

Abstract: Investigation in leakage process of internally pressurised pipe of boiler permits to derive lots of information about the precise conditions such as the location of the overheated section of the pipe, evaluation of the mental temperature and it's overheating time, which is essential to the pipe failure analysis and emergency maintenance. A mathematical model is established to predict the variations of steam mass flow rate and temperature in pipe when leakage increases from minimum to full flow, leakage growth is simulated with the operation parameters of ruptured tube in platen reheater of a 300 MW boiler, typical leakage developing process is presented, Theoretical results show that the pipe section downstream the broken area are overheated when the leakage develop at a certain stage, the location, extent and time of overheating section of the pipe are affected by leakage area and it's expansion process. Results predicted by the model of overheated and ruptured section are shown to be in good conformity with the findings in the fault diagnosis of boilers' heated pipe. The model is applied to help in tube rupture analysis, excessive mental temperature assessment and developing early leakage diagnosis methods which can reduce the blowing off adjacent tubes.

Key words: boiler, leakage, modeling, power plant, tube rupture

中图分类号:

TK22

刘福国, 周新刚, 姜波. 单根锅炉受热管泄漏过程建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(6): 182-190.

LIU Fuguo, ZHOU Xingang, JIANG Bo. Modeling of Tube Rupture Process of Boilers[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(6): 182-190.

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