液氮内喷式主轴迷宫密封结构变形对泄漏特性的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.03.129

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 129-136.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.03.129

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液氮内喷式主轴迷宫密封结构变形对泄漏特性的影响

王永青, 班仔优, 韩灵生, 刘阔, 孔繁泽, 刘海波

大连理工大学精密与特种加工教育部重点实验室大连 116024

收稿日期:2020-03-10 修回日期:2020-10-20 出版日期:2021-02-05 发布日期:2021-03-16
通讯作者: 刘阔(通信作者),男,1983年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为数控加工装备智能化、超低温冷却加工技术等。E-mail:liukuo@dlut.edu.cn
作者简介:王永青,男,1969年出生,教授,博士研究生导师,长江学者特聘教授。主要研究方向为超低温冷却加工、测量-加工一体化、装备在机测量理论与技术等。E-mail:yqwang@dlut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2019YFB2005400）、NSFC-辽宁联合基金（U1608251）、大连市高层次人才创新支持计划（2018RD05、2018RQ14）、辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”（XLYC1807081）和长江学者特聘教授奖励计划（T2017030）资助项目。

Influence of Structure Deformation on Leakage Characteristics in Labyrinth Seal inside the Cryogenic Internal-cooling Spindle

WANG Yongqing, BAN Ziyou, HAN Lingsheng, LIU Kuo, KONG Fanze, LIU Haibo

Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024

Received:2020-03-10 Revised:2020-10-20 Online:2021-02-05 Published:2021-03-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 迷宫密封是保证旋转机械中定子与转子之间密封性能的关键结构。超低温冷却加工机床液氮内喷式主轴采用迷宫密封对超低温介质进行密封，密封件承受非常大的温度载荷和应力载荷，会产生结构变形并影响密封性能。为研究超低温冷却加工机床液氮内喷式主轴内迷宫密封件在超低温环境下的结构变形对密封性能的影响规律，基于流体力学、传热学、弹性力学理论，采用多物理场耦合数值分析方法，对迷宫密封的温度场、变形规律、泄漏特性等进行了深入分析，得到了超低温介质密封结构的温度场分布和变形后的密封间隙并创建了考虑结构变形的泄漏量模型。研究结果表明：密封超低温介质时，在低温载荷的影响下迷宫密封件发生受冷收缩变形导致迷宫密封间隙明显增加，-188.56℃低温下泄漏量增加了2倍，密封结构的密封性能变差。对多种工况下迷宫密封结构变形后的泄漏量进行对比分析，相对误差均在6%以下，证明了所建立的泄漏量模型的有效性。

关键词: 迷宫密封, 超低温介质, 结构变形, 泄漏量, 数值分析

Abstract: Labyrinth seal is the key structure to ensure the sealing performance between stator and rotor in rotating machinery. When used to seal the cryogenic fluid in the spindle of cryogenic machine tool, the labyrinth seal bears a very large temperature load and stress load, which will produce structural deformation and indirectly affect the sealing performance. In order to research the influence of structural deformation on the performance of labyrinth seal in the spindle of cryogenic machine tool, the temperature field, the deformation law of labyrinth seal, leakage characteristics of labyrinth seal in cryogenic fluid are studied based on the numerical analysis method of multi physical field coupling and some mechanics.Through the analysis, the temperature field distribution of the seal structure, the sealing clearance after deformation are obtained, and the leakage model considering the structure deformation is established. The leakage at low temperature of -188.56℃ increased by two times, the result shows that the thermal shrinkage deformation of labyrinth seals results in the deterioration of seal performance under the influence of temperature load. By comparing and analyzing the leakage of several working conditions, the relative errors are less than 6%, the validity of the proposed leakage model considering structural deformation is verified.

Key words: labyrinth seal, cryogenic liquid, structural deformation, leakage, numerical analysis

中图分类号:

TG156

王永青, 班仔优, 韩灵生, 刘阔, 孔繁泽, 刘海波. 液氮内喷式主轴迷宫密封结构变形对泄漏特性的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(3): 129-136.

WANG Yongqing, BAN Ziyou, HAN Lingsheng, LIU Kuo, KONG Fanze, LIU Haibo. Influence of Structure Deformation on Leakage Characteristics in Labyrinth Seal inside the Cryogenic Internal-cooling Spindle[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(3): 129-136.

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液氮内喷式主轴迷宫密封结构变形对泄漏特性的影响

Influence of Structure Deformation on Leakage Characteristics in Labyrinth Seal inside the Cryogenic Internal-cooling Spindle

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