Thermo-oxygen/Hygrothermal Aging of SiC/Epoxy Resin Composite as an Insulating Coating with Nonlinear Conductivity

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.06.207

Abstract

Abstract: The advancement of high-voltage power electronic devices had increased the demands placed on their insulating packages. To increase the insulation performance of the device, a type of insulation coating with nonlinear conductivity was proposed in this study, and the performance was analyzed. Firstly, the preparation process of the SiC/epoxy composite was studied, and the variation of electrical conductivity with electric field intensity and the temperature was analyzed. The device was prepared with the composite as an insulating coating around the edge of the copper metallization on the substrate. Through finite element electric field simulation, the electric field peak of the device with the insulating coating was found to be 38.6% lower than that of the device without the coating. The partial discharge test found that the partial discharge initiation voltage of encapsulated device using the insulating coating increased by 44.9%. Finally, the long-term reliability of composite was studied. Thermo-oxygen aging, hygrothermal aging and microscopic mechanism were analyzed. The final results show that the long-term insulation reliability of the power device encapsulated by the SiC/epoxy composite was better than that of the control group.

Key words: nonlinear conductive coating, partial discharge, insulation material, power device, package

CLC Number:

TM215

LIANG Yu, LU Guoquan, MEI Yunhui. Thermo-oxygen/Hygrothermal Aging of SiC/Epoxy Resin Composite as an Insulating Coating with Nonlinear Conductivity[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(6): 207-217.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/EN/10.3901/JME.2024.06.207

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V60/I6/207

References

[1] KASSAKIAN J G，JAHNS T M. Evolving and emerging applications of power electronics in systems[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics，2013，1(2)：47-58.
[2] 高尚，李洪钢，康仁科，等. 新一代半导体材料氧化镓单晶的制备方法及其超精密加工技术研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报，2021，57(9)：213-232. GAO Shang，LI Honggang，KANG Renke，et al. Recent advance in preparation and ultra-precision machining of new generation semiconductor material of β-Ga2O3 single crystals[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2021，57(9)：213-232.
[3] CHAI Xiaoguang，NING Puqi，CAO Han，et al. Online junction temperature measurement of double-sided cooling IGBT power module through on-state voltage with high current[J]. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering，2022，8(4)：104-112.
[4] ZHENG Dan，NING Puqi，CHAI Xiaoguang，et al. Accurate evaluation of cooling system capability of three-phase IGBT-based inverter[J]. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering，2021，7(1)：73-78.
[5] 米彦，桂路，刘露露，等. 环氧树脂针-板缺陷在指数衰减脉冲和正弦电压作用下的局部放电特性[J]. 电工技术学报，2020，35(2)：425-434. MI Yan，GUI Lu，LIU Lulu，et al. Partial discharge characteristics of epoxy resin needle-plate defect under exponential decay pulse and sinusoidal voltage[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2020，35(2)：425-434.
[6] 胡军，赵孝磊，杨霄，等. 非线性电导材料应力锥改善电缆终端电场强度分布[J]. 高电压技术，2017，43(2)：398-404. HU Jun，ZHAO Xiaolei，YANG Xiao，et al. Improving the electric field strength distribution of cable terminals by stress cone of nonlinear conductivity material[J]. High Voltage Engineering，2017，43(2)：398-404.
[7] FABIAN J H，HARTMANN S，HAMIDI A. Analysis of insulation failure modes in high power IGBT modules[C]//Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting，October 2-6，2005，Hong Kong，China，2005：799-805.
[8] GHESSEMI M. Geometrical techniques for electric field control in (ultra) wide bandgap power electronics modules[C]//2018 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)，June 17-20，2018，San Antonio，TX，USA，2018：589-592.
[9] DONZEL L，SCHUDERER J. Nonlinear resistive electric field control for power electronic modules[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation，2012，19(3)：955-959.
[10] 何金良，杨霄，胡军. 非线性均压材料的设计理论与参数调控[J]. 电工技术学报，2017，32(16)：44-60. HE Jinliang，YANG Xiao，HU Jun. Progress of theory and parameter adjustment for nonlinear resistive field grading materials[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2017，32(16)：44-60.
[11] 傅明利，梁虎成，杜伯学，等. 非线性电导环氧树脂复合材料在±600 kV换流变压器套管中的应用仿真研究[J]. 高电压技术，2019，318(5)：139-145. FU Mingli，LIANG Hucheng，DU Boxue，el al. Simulation research on the application of epoxy resin with nonlinear conductivity in the ±600 kV converter transformer bushing[J]. High Voltage Engineering，2019，318(5)：139-145.
[12] 李俊杰，梅云辉，梁玉，等. 功率器件高电压封装用复合电介质灌封材料研究[J]. 电工技术学报，2022，37(3)：786-792. LI Junjie，MEI Yunhui，LIANG Yu，et al. Study on composite dielectric encapsulation materials for high voltage power device packaging[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2022，37(3)：786-792.
[13] 孟飞，邵满智，牛越，等. 电压稳定剂对PP/弹性体共混物直流击穿强度影响[J]. 电气工程学报，2022，17(1)：234-243. MENG Fei，SHAO Manzhi，NIU Yue，et al. Influence of voltage stabilizer on the DC breakdown strength of PP/ elastomer blends[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering，2022，17(1)：234-243.
[14] 李捍平，丛贇，李小炳，等. 基于非线性电导绝缘的随桥敷设高压直流电缆接头电-热场分布及优化设计[J]. 电气工程学报，2022，17(2)：226-234. LI Hanping，CONG Yun，LI Xiaobing，et al. Electrical-thermal field distributions and optimal design of bridge-along HVDC cable joints based on nonlinear conductive insulation[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering，2022，17(2)：226-234.
[15] XU J，ZHANG Z，NGO K D T，et al. Desired properties of a nonlinear resistive coating for shielding triple point in a medium-voltage power module[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation，2021，28(5)：1721-1728.
[16] 谢伟，杨征，程显，等. 环氧树脂材料热氧老化特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报，2020，35(20)：4397-4404. XIE Wei，YANG Zheng，CHENG Xian，et al. Study on thermo-oxygen aging characteristics of epoxy resin material[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2020，35(20)：4397-4404.
[17] RAIN P，BRUN E，GUILLERMIN C，et al. Hygrothermal ageing of a filled epoxy resin：Measurements of the insulation properties and qualitative modelling[C]//201010th IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics，04-09 July 2010，Potsdam，Germany. 2010：11525146.
[18] LI Z，DU B，TAO H. Nonlinear conductivity of SiC/epoxy resin composites dependent on electric-field at cryogenic temperature[C]//2020 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD)，October 16-18，2020，Tianjin，China，2020：16-18.
[19] 李喆，王旗，尹毅，等. 微、纳米氧化铝对环氧树脂复合材料电树生长抑制作用的研究[C]//第十四届全国工程电介质学术会议论文集，2013：221-225. LI Zhe，WANG Qi，YIN Yi，et al. Study on the inhibiting effect of nano-alumina on electrical tree growth of epoxy resin composites[C]//Proceedings of the 14th National Engineering Dielectric Conference，2013：221-225.
[20] NGUYEN T A，NGUYEN T H，NGUYEN T V，et al. Effect of nanoparticles on the anticorrosion and mechanical properties of epoxy coating[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology，2009，204(9)：237-245.
[21] 迟庆国，崔爽，张天栋，等. 碳化硅晶须/环氧树脂复合介质非线性电导特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报，2020，35(20)：4405-4414. CHI Qingguo，CUI Shuang，ZHANG Tiandong，et al. Study on nonlinear characteristics on conductivity of silicon carbide whisker/epoxy resin composites[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2020，35(20)：4405-4414.
[22] CHRISTEN T，DONZEL L，GREUTER F. Nonlinear resistive electric field grading part 1：Theory and simulation[J]. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine，2010，26(6)：47-59.
[23] LI Z，HUANG R，DU B，et al. Electric-field and temperature-dependent nonlinear conductivity of SiC/epoxy resin composites at cryogenic temperature[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity，2020，30(8)：1-6.
[24] MO S，LI X，ZHAO Z，et al. Effect of bubble flow on partial discharge under non-uniform AC electric fields in FC-72[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation，2020，27(4)：1059-1067.
[25] IEC 61287-1，Railway applications-power converters installed on board rolling stock-part 1：characteristics and test methods[S]. Geneva：IEC，2014.
[26] MITIC G，LEFRANC G. Localization of electrical insulation and partial discharge failures of IGBT modules[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications，2002，38(1)：175-180.
[27] PANDEY J C，GUPTA N. Thermal aging assessment of epoxy-based nanocomposites by space charge and conduction current measurements[C]//2014 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC)，June 8-11，2014，Philadelphia，PA，USA，2014：8-11.
[28] 周达，张昕，邹云峰，等. 基于T-F聚类和PRPD图谱分析的配网电缆局部放电类型识别研究[J]. 电气工程学报，2022，17(2)：235-242. ZHOU Da，ZHANG Xin，ZOU Yunfeng，et al. Study on partial discharge pattern recognition for distribution cable based on T-F clustering and PRPD spectrum analysis[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering，2022，17(2)：235-242.
[29] 严玉婷，吕启深，陈铮铮，等. 加速热老化对硅橡胶击穿及电荷输运特性的影响[J]. 绝缘材料，2019，52(9)：48-52. YAN Yuting，LÜ Qishen，CHEN Zhengzheng，et al. Effect of accelerated thermal ageing on breakdown and charge transport properties of silicone rubber[J]. Insulation Materials，2019，52(9)：48-52.
[30] JANGCHUD I，EBY R K，SERRANO A M，et al. Studies of PAN-based carbon fiber surfaces：Their influence on interfacial bonding with Pmr-15 polyimide and composite thermo-oxidative stability[J]. Journal of Advanced Materials，1996，28(1)：19-25.
[31] ZHANG M，SUN B，GU B. Accelerated thermal ageing of epoxy resin and 3-D carbon fiber/epoxy braided composites[J]. Composites Part A：Applied Science and Manufacturing，2016，85：163-171.
[32] XIE J，CHEN K，YAN M. Effect of temperature and water penetration on the interfacial bond between epoxy resin and glass fiber：A molecular dynamics study[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids，2022，350：118424.
[33] MANALO A，ALAJARMEH O，FERDOUS W，et al. Effect of simulated hygrothermal environment on the flexural and interlaminar shear strength of particulate-filled epoxy-coated GFRP composites[J]. Construction and Building Materials，2022，339：127687.