• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 147-155.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.02.147

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

地铁钢轨滚动接触疲劳损伤研究

梁喜仁1, 陶功权1, 陆文教2, 关庆华1, 温泽峰1   

  1. 1. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 成都 610031;
    2. 广州地铁集团有限公司 广州 500330
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-15 修回日期:2018-08-24 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 温泽峰(通信作者),男,1976年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轮轨关系。E-mail:zfwen@home.swjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:梁喜仁,男,1992年出生。主要研究方向为滚动接触疲劳。E-mail:605156724@qq.com;陶功权,男,1989年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为轮轨磨耗和滚动接触疲劳。E-mail:gq_tao@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51675444)、牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2015TPL_T01)资助项目

Study on the Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue of Subway

LIANG Xiren1, TAO Gongquan1, LU Wenjiao2, GUAN Qinghua1, WEN Zefeng1   

  1. 1. Traction Power State Key Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
    2. Guangzhou Metro, Guangzhou 500330
  • Received:2017-12-15 Revised:2018-08-24 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20

摘要: 钢轨滚动接触疲劳损伤在地铁线路上较为常见。建立包含地铁车辆系统动力学模型、基于安定图的疲劳指数和基于磨耗数的损伤函数为一体的钢轨滚动接触疲劳预测模型,分析车辆在通过三种典型曲线时钢轨的受力状态、接触点位置和损伤情况。研究结果表明,车辆通过曲线时低轨侧钢轨蠕滑力的合力指向直角坐标系的第四象限,接触点主要位于轨顶区域;高轨侧钢轨蠕滑力的合力主要指向直角坐标系的第三象限,接触点主要位于高轨内侧轨距角处。钢轨表面疲劳指数大于0的概率较大,材料易处于棘轮效应区,同时根据损伤函数得到钢轨的损伤值大于0,即属于疲劳裂纹损伤。容易导致钢轨表面在轮轨常接触区产生与蠕滑力合力方向相垂直的裂纹,其方向与现场观察到的裂纹方向相一致。随着曲线半径的减小,轮轨蠕滑力合力显著增大。磨耗后的车轮和磨耗后的钢轨在小半径曲线上频繁地相互作用,易使钢轨材料产生棘轮效应,是导致钢轨表面产生裂纹和剥离掉块的主要原因。

关键词: 钢轨滚动接触疲劳, 轮轨关系, 疲劳指数, 蠕滑力, 损伤函数

Abstract: Rail rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is a common problem in subway lines. In this paper a RCF prediction model is established, including vehicle system dynamics model, fatigue index based on the shakedown map and rail damage function based on the wear number. The wheel/rail creep force, wheel/rail contact positions and rail RCF are analyzed when the vehicle operates on three typical kinds of curved tracks. The results show that when the vehicle passes through the curved track, the resultant creep forces on the low rail point to the fourth quadrant of the Cartesian coordinates system, while on the high rail they mainly point to the third quadrant of the Cartesian coordinates system. The fatigue index of rail surface is larger than 0, which indicates that the material in contact region is in the ratcheting zone. The value of rail damage is larger than 0 according to the damage function, which means RCF crack damage. The total creep force is easy to cause the crack of which the directions are approximately perpendicular to the creep force on the rail surface, which is almost the same as the situation observed on field. With the curve radius decreasing, the total of wheel/rail creep force increases significantly. The worn wheel and rail frequently interact in the small radius curves, which is the main cause of cracking and shelling on the rail surface.

Key words: creep force, damage function, fatigue index, rail rolling contact fatigue, wheel-rail interaction

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