基于纳米复合陶瓷涂层减速器低温减阻机理研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260140

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为降低低温、高速工况下电驱动减速器空载损失，提出一种基于纳米复合陶瓷涂层的减阻策略。搭建低温搅油流动可视化试验台，对比分析有涂层与无涂层旋转部件在–20 ℃不同转速下的流场与搅油损失。结合移动粒子半隐式法(Moving particle semi-implicit method，MPS)分析转速与温度对搅油损失的影响，并探究搅油损失抑制机理，进一步通过数值模拟验证涂层在某型电驱动减速器内复杂流动环境下的减阻效果。结果表明：涂层后表面接触角由7.8°提升至52.7°，且具有良好耐磨性；–20 ℃下，圆盘搅油损失降低率保持在31.7%～48.5%，黏性阻力、压差阻力与湍流阻力均有所降低；通过搭建的电驱动减速器搅油损失试验台进行测试，仍保持11.0%～17.3%的减阻效果，研究结果将为纳米复合陶瓷涂层在齿轮传动的效率提升提供技术支撑。

关键词: 低温, 纳米复合陶瓷涂层, 搅油损失, 减阻, 减速器, 移动粒子半隐式法

Abstract: To reduce the no-load losses in the gearbox of new energy vehicles under low-temperature and high-speed operating conditions, a drag-reduction strategy based on nano-composite ceramic coatings is proposed. A low-temperature oil churning flow visualization test bench is established to compare and analyze the flow field and oil churning losses of coated and uncoated rotating components at different speeds under -20°C conditions. An analysis is conducted using the mobile particle semi-implicit(MPS) method to investigate the effects of rotational speed and temperature on oil churning losses, and to explore the mechanisms for suppressing churning losses. Further numerical simulations are performed to validate the drag-reducing effects of the coating in the complex flow environment of a gearbox in a specific type of new energy vehicle. The results indicate that the surface contact angle increases from 7.8° to 52.7° after coating application, and the coating exhibits excellent wear resistance；at -20°C, the reduction rate of oil churning loss on the disk remained between 31.7% and 48.5%, with decreases in viscous resistance, pressure drop resistance, and turbulent resistance；in the gearbox of a new energy vehicle, the drag reduction effect remained between 11.0% and 17.3%. The research findings will provide technical support for enhancing the efficiency of gear transmission through the application of nano-composite ceramic coating.

Key words: low temperature, nano-composite ceramic coating, churning loss, drag reduction, gearbox, MPS

中图分类号:

U463

刘逸, 吴维, 韦春辉, 王溪, 李雪原, 赵军. 基于纳米复合陶瓷涂层减速器低温减阻机理研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(12): 389-397,442.

LIU Yi, WU Wei, WEI Chunhui, WANG Xi, LI Xueyuan, ZHAO Jun. Study on the Mechanism of Low-temperature Drag Reduction in Gearboxes Based on Nanocomposite Ceramic Coating[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(12): 389-397,442.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260140

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I12/389

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