• CN：11-2187/TH
  • ISSN：0577-6686
机械工程学报

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 171-181.doi: 10.3901/JME.260011

• 特邀专栏：运载火箭机构技术 • 上一篇    

扫码分享

运载火箭伺服机构滑阀副微织构多因素耦合润滑

黄玉平1, 刘傲2,3, 崔佩娟1, 侯占林1, 郭春海2,3, 张文武2,3   

  1. 1. 北京精密机电控制设备研究所控制执行机构技术创新中心 北京 100076;
    2. 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所激光极端制造研究中心 宁波 315201;
    3. 全省难加工材料激光极端制造重点实验室 宁波 315201
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-27 修回日期:2025-07-22 发布日期:2026-02-13
  • 作者简介:黄玉平，男，1967年出生，硕士，研究员，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为控制执行机构。E-mail：yuping.huang@lasat.com
    郭春海(通信作者)，男，1980年出生，博士，高级工程师，硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为基于多能场的数值仿真与实验。E-mail：guochunhai@nimte.ac.cn
    张文武，男，1969年出生，博士，研究员，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为激光精密加工。E-mail：zhangwenwu@nimte.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(52405519)。

Multi-factor Coupled Lubrication of Micro-textured Spool Valve Pairs in Launch Vehicle Servo Mechanisms

HUANG Yuping1, LIU Ao2,3, CUI Peijuan1, HOU Zhanlin1, GUO Chunhai2,3, ZHANG Wenwu2,3   

  1. 1. Innovation Center for Control Actuators, Beijing Institute of Precision Mechatronics and Controls, Beijing 100076;
    2. Research Centre for Laser Extreme Manufacturing, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201;
    3. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Extreme Manufacturing for Difficult-to-Machine Materials, Ningbo 315201
  • Received:2025-03-27 Revised:2025-07-22 Published:2026-02-13

PDF

10

摘要： 在运载火箭伺服机构中，滑阀是一种流体控制单元，其运动界面摩擦润滑特性对传动性能有重要影响，最终会影响运载火箭的飞行控制性能。针对滑阀副的润滑磨损问题，提出基于微织构改性的润滑方案。在圆柱形阀芯表面通过飞秒激光加工制备深度约10 μm，粗糙度Ra为1.66～2.33 μm的菱形微织构，开展摩擦学实验并进行参数优化。结果表明：当试验温度T=40 ℃、负载F=40 N、速度U=0.5 m/s时，参数组合对角线比k=3、对角线与间距比x=2的菱形织构摩擦系数最低为f=0.099 65，较于无织构表面在同等试验参数下的平均摩擦系数f=0.165 02降低39.61%；实验结果还发现速度提升可显著降低摩擦系数，k=3的织构在宽速域表现出最优润滑稳定性；负载过高或过低均导致油膜不完整或破裂，从而影响表面承载力。另外，采用响应曲面法Box-Behnken设计揭示了负载F、对角线比k、对角线与间距比x的耦合影响机制，最终优化参数组合为F=40.76 N、k=3.07、x=2.03，预测摩擦系数相较无织构表面减阻率达39.84%，与实验结果基本吻合。最后，通过磨损分析表明，织构利用储油、磨屑容纳及动压效应抑制磨粒磨损，提升滑阀副寿命。

关键词: 滑阀副, 微织构, 减阻率, 响应曲面法

Abstract: In launch vehicle servo mechanisms, the spool valve serves as a fluid control unit, whose frictional lubrication characteristics at the moving interface significantly affect transmission performance and ultimately impact the vehicle's flight control accuracy. A micro-texturing-based lubrication solution is proposed to address the lubrication and wear issues of spool valve pairs. Diamond-shaped micro-textures with a depth of approximately 10 μm and surface roughness Ra of 1.66-2.33 μm were fabricated on cylindrical valve cores using femtosecond laser processing. Tribological experiments and parameter optimization were conducted. Results showed that under test conditions of T=40 ℃, F=40 N, and U=0.5 m/s, the diamond-shaped texture with parameter combinations of diagonal ratio k=3 and diagonal-to-spacing ratio x=2 exhibited the lowest friction coefficient (f=0.09965). This represents a 39.61% reduction compared to the average friction coefficient (f=0.165 02) of non-textured surfaces under identical test parameters. Experimental results further revealed that increasing velocity significantly reduces the friction coefficient. The k=3 textured surface demonstrated optimal lubrication stability across a wide speed range. Excessive or insufficient loads led to incomplete or ruptured oil films, compromising surface load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, response surface methodology (Box-Behnken design) was employed to elucidate the coupling effects of load F, diagonal ratio k, and diagonal-to-spacing ratio x. The optimized parameter combination (F=40.76 N, k=3.07, x=2.03) achieved a predicted friction reduction rate of 39.84% compared to non-textured surfaces, showing good agreement with experimental results. Post-test wear characterization revealed that the surface textures effectively prolong service life of the spool valve pair by maintaining lubricant reservoirs, trapping generated wear particles, and generating beneficial hydrodynamic lubrication - collectively reducing abrasive wear progression.

Key words: spool pair, micro-texture, drag reduction rate, response surface methodology

中图分类号: 

版权所有 © 2019 《机械工程学报》编辑部 | 京ICP备05055788号-30