燃油齿轮泵振动的动力学机理与减振技术研究进展及挑战

doi:10.3901/JME.260306

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 燃油齿轮泵作为供油系统的核心部件，凭借其结构紧凑、效率优异及成本低廉等优势，在高端装备领域得以广泛应用。然而，齿轮啮合、流量脉动、润滑状态及壳体共振等因素诱发的振动问题，显著降低了燃油齿轮泵的工作性能，限制了其在高压力、高转速及大排量工况下的应用潜力。为此，深入探究燃油齿轮泵的振动产生机理与传递特性，进而有效抑制泵体振动已成为该领域亟待解决的关键问题。为推动燃油齿轮泵减振技术的创新发展，全面综述了燃油齿轮泵振动动力学机理与减振技术的研究进展。首先，从内部振动激励源的角度，系统地阐述了齿轮泵转子系统的多物理场耦合动力学建模方法，考虑了齿轮时变啮合刚度、流体压力脉动和滑动轴承润滑状态等因素。其次，从振动传递路径角度，详细评述了燃油齿轮泵基于外部激励的实验模态分析技术与基于工况数据的运行模态分析技术。基于此，系统总结了壳体结构优化、齿轮齿廓修形、卸荷槽设计及多级齿轮泵等减振技术的研究进展。最后，深入探讨了燃油齿轮泵减振技术面临的核心挑战与未来发展机遇，为提升燃油齿轮泵的供油品质和服役寿命提供了理论指导和研究方向。

关键词: 燃油齿轮泵, 动力学建模, 振动机理, 模态分析, 减振

Abstract: As the core components of fuel supply systems, fuel gear pumps have been widely applied in high-end equipment due to their compact structure, high efficiency, and low cost. However, vibration issues induced by gear meshing, flow pulsation, lubrication conditions, and housing resonance significantly degrade their operational performance, limiting the applications in high-pressure, high-speed, and large-displacement working conditions. Therefore, an in-depth investigation into the vibration generation mechanism and transmission characteristics of fuel gear pumps, along with effective vibration suppression, has become a critical challenge in this field. To promote the innovative development of vibration reduction technologies for fuel gear pumps, the recent progress on vibration dynamic mechanisms and suppression techniques is comprehensively reviewed. First, from the perspective of internal vibration excitation sources, the multi-physical dynamic modelling methods for rotor systems considering time-varying meshing stiffness of gears, fluid pressure pulsation, and lubrication of journal bearings are summarized. Second, from the viewpoint of vibration transmission paths, the current research status of experimental modal analysis with external excitation and operational modal analysis methods based on working data for fuel gear pumps is critically reviewed. Additionally, the advancements in vibration reduction technologies are systematically summarized, including housing structure optimization, gear tooth profile modification, relief groove design, and multi-stage gear pump configurations. Finally, the key challenges and future development opportunities in vibration reduction for fuel gear pumps are thoroughly discussed, providing theoretical guidance and research directions for improving fuel supply quality and service life.

Key words: fuel gear pump, dynamic modeling, vibration mechanism, modal analysis, vibration reduction

中图分类号:

TH113

张颖, 魏士杰, 姜鹏飞, 王中阳, 武通海, 雷亚国, 曹军义. 燃油齿轮泵振动的动力学机理与减振技术研究进展及挑战[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(9): 104-130.

ZHANG Ying, WEI Shijie, JIANG Pengfei, WANG Zhongyang, WU Tonghai, LEI Yaguo, CAO Junyi. Research Status and Challenges on Vibration Dynamic Mechanism and Control Technology for Fuel Gear Pumps[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(9): 104-130.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260306

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I9/104

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