碳钢/不锈钢双金属管三辊波纹斜轧复合成形机理研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260184

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对传统双金属复合管制备工艺在薄壁小径复合管制造中存在的复合尺寸受限、界面结合强度不足等技术瓶颈，提出了三辊波纹斜轧复合工艺。该工艺在减壁段设置错距波纹轧辊，采用“波-平轧制”方法制备具有螺旋波纹结合界面的双金属复合管。建立了碳钢/不锈钢双金属复合管三辊波纹斜轧数值仿真模型，系统研究了错距/等距波纹轧制的金属流动行为及界面演变机理。结果表明：错距波纹轧制工艺通过逐道次叠加轧制，使波纹压痕区域等效塑性应变达到2.46，外管表面应变通过金属流动有效传递至界面，促进了异种金属冶金结合；相比等距波纹轧制，错距轧制工艺界面塑性变形更均匀，波纹成形效果更显著。发现双金属复合管的切向滑移系数较理论值偏低，建立了考虑管坯与芯棒接触压力影响的切向滑移系数预测模型。试验制备的碳钢/不锈钢复合管外表面质量良好，结合界面呈现规则波浪状结构，波纹周期长度约22 mm，界面实现了冶金结合与机械啮合的双重强化机制，为高强度薄壁小径双金属复合管的工业化制备提供了新技术途径。

关键词: 双金属复合管, 三辊波纹斜轧, 错距轧制, 波纹界面, 冶金结合, 数值仿真

Abstract: To address the technical bottlenecks of limited composite dimensions and insufficient interfacial bonding strength in traditional bimetallic tube preparation processes for manufacturing thin-walled small-diameter composite tubes，a three-roll corrugated skew rolling bonding process is proposed. Staggered corrugated rolls are set in the wall reduction section，and the “corrugated-flat rolling” method is adopted to prepare bimetallic tubes with spiral corrugated bonding interfaces. A numerical simulation model for three-roll corrugated skew rolling of carbon steel/stainless steel bimetallic tubes is established，and the metal flow behavior and interfacial evolution mechanism of staggered/equidistant corrugated rolling are systematically investigated. The results show that equivalent plastic strain values of 2.46 are achieved in the corrugated indentation regions through progressive pass-by-pass rolling in the staggered corrugated rolling process，and the surface strain of the outer tube is effectively transmitted to the interface through metal flow，promoting metallurgical bonding between dissimilar metals. Compared with equidistant corrugated rolling，more uniform interfacial plastic deformation and more significant corrugated forming effects are exhibited in the staggered rolling process. It is found that the tangential slip coefficient of bimetallic tubes is lower than theoretical values，and a prediction model for tangential slip coefficient considering the contact pressure between tube blank and mandrel is established. Carbon steel/stainless steel bimetallic tubes with excellent outer surface quality are prepared experimentally，with the bonding interface presenting a regular corrugation-like structure and corrugation period length of approximately 22 mm. A dual strengthening mechanism of metallurgical bonding and mechanical interlocking is achieved at the interface，providing a new technical approach for the industrial preparation of high-strength thin-walled small-diameter bimetallic tubes.

Key words: bimetallic tubes, three-roll corrugated skew rolling, staggered rolling, corrugated interface, metallurgical bonding, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TG335

李子轩, 李泓吉, 徐志祥, 牛辉, 季策, 王涛. 碳钢/不锈钢双金属管三辊波纹斜轧复合成形机理研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 62(6): 174-184.

LI Zixuan, LI Hongji, XU Zhixiang, NIU Hui, JI Ce, WANG Tao. Research on the Bonding Forming Mechanism of Carbon Steel/Stainless Steel Bimetallic Tubes with Three-roll Corrugated Skew Rolling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 62(6): 174-184.

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