多源内部故障激励下深沟球轴承三维动态解析建模及振动分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.23.096

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (23): 96-107.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.23.096

• 机械动力学 • 上一篇

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多源内部故障激励下深沟球轴承三维动态解析建模及振动分析

胡济民¹, 罗洋², 于亦浩^1,3, 石娟娟¹, 黄伟国¹, 沈长青¹, 朱忠奎¹

1. 苏州大学轨道交通学院苏州 215131;
2. 重庆大学机械与运载工程学院重庆 400030;
3. 博世汽车部件(苏州)有限公司苏州 215021

收稿日期:2024-05-20 修回日期:2025-02-03 发布日期:2026-01-22
作者简介:胡济民,男,1999年出生。主要研究方向为滚动轴承动力学建模。E-mail:20225246011@stu.suda.edu.cn
石娟娟(通信作者),女,1985年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机械系统动力学建模与分析。E-mail:jshi091@suda.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52175056)和苏州市重点产业技术创新(SYG202012)资助项目。

Three-dimensional Dynamic Modeling and Vibration Analysis of Deep Groove Ball Bearings under Multi-source Internal Fault Excitation

HU Jimin¹, LUO Yang², YU Yihao^1,3, SHI Juanjuan¹, HUANG Weiguo¹, SHEN Changqing¹, ZHU Zhongkui¹

1. School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou 215131;
2. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030;
3. Bosch Automotive Products (Suzhou) Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215021

Received:2024-05-20 Revised:2025-02-03 Published:2026-01-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 动力学解析建模是研究深沟球轴承在内部故障激励下动态特性的重要手段。然而，传统二维深沟球轴承模型无法分析轴承元件在运转时的三维旋转、离心及陀螺效应、润滑牵引、接触面打滑以及保持架碰撞等复杂的动力学特性。为此，以存在内外滚道、滚珠或动不平衡负载单一故障的球轴承为研究对象，基于Hertz接触理论，建立了考虑多刚体独立自由度、旋转姿态、滚珠动态圆周运动和混合弹流润滑的三维深沟球轴承动态解析模型。引入接触刚度变化系数，阐释了局部故障区域采用定值赫兹接触刚度替代时变接触刚度的可行性。最后，通过针对故障轴承振动特性的仿真以及实验结果的对比分析，验证了该模型的有效性。

关键词: 轴承故障机理, 振动响应分析, 故障诊断, 旋转姿态, 赫兹接触刚度

Abstract: Dynamic analytical modeling is an important means to study the dynamic characteristics of deep groove ball bearings under internal fault excitation. However, the traditional two-dimensional deep groove ball bearing model is unable to analyze the complex dynamics of bearing elements especially at high speeds, such as three-dimensional rotation, centrifugal and gyroscopic effects, lubrication traction, contact surface slippage, and cage collision. For this reason, based on the Hertz contact theory, a three-dimensional deep groove ball bearing dynamic analytical model considering independent degrees of freedom of multiple rigid bodies, rotational attitude, dynamic circular motion of balls and mixed elastic lubrication was established of the ball bearings with single faults of internal and external races, balls or dynamic unbalanced loads as the object of research. The contact stiffness variation coefficients were introduced, which explained the feasibility of adopting the constant Hertz contact stiffness instead of the time-varying contact stiffness in localized fault areas. The feasibility of using constant Hertzian contact stiffness instead of time-varying contact stiffness in localized fault areas is explained. Finally, the validity of the model is verified through the simulation of the vibration characteristics of the faulty bearing and the comparative analysis of the experimental results.

Key words: bearing failure mechanism, vibration response analysis, fault diagnosis, rotational attitude, Hertzian contact stiffness

中图分类号:

TH133.3

胡济民, 罗洋, 于亦浩, 石娟娟, 黄伟国, 沈长青, 朱忠奎. 多源内部故障激励下深沟球轴承三维动态解析建模及振动分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(23): 96-107.

HU Jimin, LUO Yang, YU Yihao, SHI Juanjuan, HUANG Weiguo, SHEN Changqing, ZHU Zhongkui. Three-dimensional Dynamic Modeling and Vibration Analysis of Deep Groove Ball Bearings under Multi-source Internal Fault Excitation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(23): 96-107.

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多源内部故障激励下深沟球轴承三维动态解析建模及振动分析

Three-dimensional Dynamic Modeling and Vibration Analysis of Deep Groove Ball Bearings under Multi-source Internal Fault Excitation

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