考虑接地效应的轮胎柔性圆环建模及其径向振动特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.23.152

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (23): 152-163.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.23.152

扫码分享

考虑接地效应的轮胎柔性圆环建模及其径向振动特性研究

余旭东^1,2, 赵剑^1,3, 郭烈^1,3, 李刚^1,2,4, 黄海波⁵

1. 大连理工大学宁波研究院宁波 315016;
2. 大连理工大学工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室大连 116024;
3. 大连理工大学机械工程学院大连 116024;
4. 大连理工大学力学与航空航天学院大连 116024;
5. 宁波大学机械工程与力学学院宁波 315211

收稿日期:2023-12-20 修回日期:2024-04-16 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2025-01-23
作者简介:余旭东，男，1994年出生，中级工程师。主要研究方向为轮胎力学，数字图像处理。E-mail：yuxd_nbi@dlut.edu.cn;赵剑，男，1980年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能结构与材料、非线性谐振器、多稳态结构设计。E-mail：jzhao@dlut.edu.cn;郭烈(通信作者)，男，1987年出生，博士，副教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆动力学建模、汽车安全辅助驾驶、智能车辆等。E-mail：guo_lie@dlut.edu.cn;李刚，男，1966年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为结构与多学科优化、基于性能的设计理论与应用、可靠性评估等。E-mail：ligang@dlut.edu.cn
基金资助:
宁波市自然科学基金(2022J009)和科技创新2025重大专项(宁波市重大科技任务攻关)(2022Z017)资助项目。

Investigation of Tire Radial Vibration Property Using an Improved Tire Flexible Ring Model with Contact Effects

YU Xudong^1,2, ZHAO Jian^1,3, GUO Lie^1,3, LI Gang^1,2,4, HUANG Haibo⁵

1. Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016;
2. State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
4. School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
5. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211

Received:2023-12-20 Revised:2024-04-16 Online:2024-12-05 Published:2025-01-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了进一步研究轿车用子午线轮胎在自由和接地状态下的径向振动特性，从动力学建模、实验模态分析、参数辨识等研究手段出发，基于经典二维柔性圆环模型，提出了一种考虑垂向载荷和接地长度变化的改进轮胎柔性圆环模型，利用模态叠加法计算得到了胎面径向振动模态。该改进模型主要包括三个子模型：自由轮胎振动模型、静载状态下的轮胎接触模型和接地轮胎振动模型。首先，借助自由状态下的轮胎模态实验和理论模型，采用遗传算法对模型结构参数进行识别；其次，基于轮胎结构参数，利用静载状态下的轮胎接触模型，建立轮胎垂向力-垂向变形关系；最后，通过接地轮胎振动模型计算得到不同垂向载荷下的轮胎固有频率，并开发轮胎有限元模型进行验证。结果表明，提出的改进轮胎柔性圆环模型能够反映出1 000～5 000 N垂向载荷下接地轮胎频率分裂现象，并且可以有效预测接地振动行为。研究丰富了经典轮胎柔性圆环模型的应用场景，为接地条件下的轮胎振动和噪声分析提供了可供借鉴的思路和方法。

关键词: 柔性圆环模型, 轮胎接地振动, 模态分析, 轮胎垂向刚度, 频率分裂现象

Abstract: This study investigates radial vibration of a radial tire for passenger vehicles. An improved tire flexible ring model considering vertical load and contact length is proposed and established via the theoretical-modelling, experimental modal analysis and parameter identification. The natural frequencies of grounded tire are derived by mode superposition method. The proposed model includes three sub-models: a flexible ring model for tire vibration under free condition, a tire contact model without rolling, and a flexible ring model for tire vibration under grounded. Genetic algorithm is used to identify the structural parameters of tire theoretical model based on the modal experiment and ring model under free condition. Using the structural parameters obtained from parameter identification, the relationship between vertical load and vertical deformation is then obtained. The natural frequencies of the tire under different vertical load are calculated using the grounded tire vibration model and verified by comparison with numerical finite element results. Results indicate that the proposed tire improved ring model can effectively predict the frequency split phenomenon of grounded tires under different loads between 1 000 to 5 000 N, which providing a valuable idea for analysing tire vibration and noise under grounded condition.

Key words: flexible ring model, grounded tire vibration, modal analysis, tire vertical stiffness, frequency split phenomenon

中图分类号:

U461
TB123

余旭东, 赵剑, 郭烈, 李刚, 黄海波. 考虑接地效应的轮胎柔性圆环建模及其径向振动特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(23): 152-163.

YU Xudong, ZHAO Jian, GUO Lie, LI Gang, HUANG Haibo. Investigation of Tire Radial Vibration Property Using an Improved Tire Flexible Ring Model with Contact Effects[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(23): 152-163.

参考文献

[1] 庄继德. 汽车轮胎学[M]. 北京：北京理工大学出版社，1996. ZHUANG Jide. Automotive tire science[M]. Beijing：Beijing Institute of Technology Press，1996.
[2] GUAN D H，FAN C J. Tire modeling for vertical properties including enveloping properties using experimental modal parameters[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics：International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility，2003，40(6)：419-433.
[3] WHEELER R L，DORFI H R，KEUM B B. Vibration modes of radial tires：measurement，prediction，and categorization under different boundary and operating conditions[R]. Sae Technical Papers No. 2005-01-2523.
[4] GENT A D，WALTER J D. Pneumatic tire[M]. Washington，D.C.：Natural Highway Traffic Safety Administration，U.S. Department of Transportation，2006.
[5] HUNCKLER C J，YANG T Y，SOEDEL W. A geometrically nonlinear shell finite element for tire vibration analysis[J]. Computer and Structure，1983，17(2)：217-225.
[6] TREYSSÈDE F，CESBRON J. Waveguide finite element modelling for broadband vibration analysis of rotating and prestressed circular structures：Application to tyres[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，2023，543：117361.
[7] 朱柏林，王传铸，印海建，等. 基于ABAQUS的轮胎振动问题仿真分析[J]. 弹性体，2022，32(6)：12-17. ZHU Bolin，WANG Chuanzhu，YIN Haijian，et al. Simulation analysis for tire vibration based on ABAQUS[J]. China Elastomerics，2022，32(6)：12-17.
[8] 刘志浩，刘钇汛，张亚，等. 重载轮胎面内柔性环振动建模与试验[J]. 振动与冲击，2021，40(23)：134-142. LIU Zhihao，LIU Yixun，ZHANG Ya，et al. Modeling and tests of in-plane flexible ring vibration of heavy-duty tire[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2021，40(23)：134-142.
[9] 刘志浩，刘钇汛，高钦和，等. 基于解析弹性基础的重载轮胎动力学建模与分析[J]. 机械工程学报，2021，57(19)：102-112. LIU Zhihao，LIU Yixun，GAO Qinhe，et al. Kinematic modeling and analysis of the tire model with the analytical elastic foundation for the heavy-loaded radial tire[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2021，57(19)：102-112.
[10] GONG S R. Study of in-plane dynamics of tires[D]. Delft：Delft University of Technology，1993.
[11] MATSUBARA M，TSUJIUCHI N，KOIZUMI T，et al. Natural frequency analysis of tire vibration using a thin cylindrical shell model[J]. SAE Technical Paper，2015-01-2198.
[12] LIU Z，ZHOU F Q，OERTEL C，et al. Three-dimensional vibration of a ring with a noncircular cross-section on an elastic foundation[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers，Part C：Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science，2018，232(13)：2381-2393.
[13] 危银涛，刘哲，周福强，等. 考虑面外振动的轮胎三维环模型[J]. 振动工程学报，2016，29(5)：795-803. WEI Yintao，LIU Zhe，ZHOU Fuqiang，et al. Three-dimensional REF model of tire including the out-of-plane vibration[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering，2016，29(5)：795-803.
[14] YU X D，HUANG H B，ZHANG T. A theoretical three-dimensional ring based model for tire high-order bending vibration[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，2019，459：114820.
[15] KINDT P，BERCKMANS D，CONINCK D F，et al. Experimental analysis of the structure-borne tyre/road noise due to road discontinuities [J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing，2009，23(8)：2557-2574.
[16] KINDT P，SAS P，DESMET W. Measurement and analysis of rolling tire vibrations[J]. Optics and Lasers in Engineering，2009，47(3-4)：443-453.
[17] ZEGELAAR P W A. The dynamic response of tyres to brake torque variations and road unevenness[D]. Delft： Delft University of Technology，1998.
[18] SUGIYAMA H，SUDA Y. Non-linear elastic ring tyre model using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers，Part K：Journal of Multi-body Dynamics，2009，223(3)：211-219.
[19] MATSUBARA M，TSUJIUCHI N，KOIZUMI T，et al. Vibration analysis of tire circumferential mode under loaded axle[J]. SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems，2013，6：1154-1160.
[20] SHOKOUHFAR S，RAKHEJA S，GINDY M E. Modal analysis of a rolling truck tyre subjected to inflation pressure and vertical deflection[J]. International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing，2016，11(2)：116-141.
[21] DIAZ C G，KINDT P，MIDDELBERG J. Dynamic behaviour of a rolling tyre：Experimental and numerical analyses[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，2016，364(2)：147-164.
[22] MICHELIN GROUP. The tyre：Mechanical and acoustic comfort[M]. Clermont-ferrand：Societe de Technologie Michelin，2002.
[23] 黄海波，余旭东，叶方杰，等. 考虑横向弯曲振动的轮胎圆柱薄壳模型[J]. 振动工程学报，2020，33(4)：709-716. HUANG Haibo，YU Xudong，YE Fangjie，et al. A thin-walled cylindrical shell model for a tire considering transverse bending vibration[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering，2020，33(4)：709-716.
[24] LIU Z H，GAO Q H. Development of a flexible belt on an elastic multi-stiffness foundation tire model for a heavy load radial tire with a large section ratio[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing，2019，123(15)：43-67.
[25] LIU Z H，LIU Y X，GAO Q H. In-plane flexible ring modeling and a nonlinear stiffness solution for heavy-load radial tires[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing，2022，171：108956.
[26] WANG C，HUANG H B，CHEN X，et al. Three-dimensional global pattern prediction for tyre tread wear[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D：Journal of Automobile Engineering，2017，231(10)：1326-1339.
[27] AKASAKA T，KATOH M，NIHEI S，et al. Two-dimensional contact pressure distribution of a radial tire[J]. Tire Science and Technology，1990，18(2)：80-103.
[28] 黄海波，余旭东，刘金朋，等. 子午线轮胎接地压力分布非对称性研究[J]. 系统仿真学报，2018，30(8)：2991-2998. HUANG Haibo，YU Xudong，LIU Jinpeng，et al. Asymmetry investigation on radial tire contact pressure distribution[J]. Journal of System Simulation，2018，30(8)：2991-2998.

考虑接地效应的轮胎柔性圆环建模及其径向振动特性研究

Investigation of Tire Radial Vibration Property Using an Improved Tire Flexible Ring Model with Contact Effects

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈宗平, 成功, 圣小珍. 高速铁路扣件系统高频动态特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(16): 147-156.
[2]	康杰, 王寅, 罗杰, 孙嘉宝, 曾舒洪. 自主工作模态分析方法研究综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 89-109.
[3]	曹雪梅, 何宏图, 魏冰阳, 许浩. 螺旋锥齿轮数字孪生体模态参数的提取与分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 260-267.
[4]	欧阳智海, 康辉民, 刘厚才, 段良辉, 曹正, 周岳, 蒋冠, 李旺. 磁悬浮铣削电主轴转子-刀具变质量不平衡系统动态特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(23): 306-320.
[5]	蔡建国, 钟一涵, 王立武, 陈旭, 汪子哲, 张骞, 冯健. 圆柱形可展柔性结构高收纳比折叠展开方案[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(1): 19-28.
[6]	关庆华, 温泽峰, 池茂儒, 梁树林. 轮对蛇行运动的相位同步模态分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(24): 279-288.
[7]	陈涛, 褚志刚, 李沛然, 彭川, 杨亮. 基于伪频响函数矩阵法的运行模态分析方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(20): 266-276.
[8]	谢晨希, 陶功权, 温泽峰. 地铁车辆制动管路动应力分析及结构优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(10): 118-125.
[9]	曹丽华, 王文龙, 罗桓桓, 胡鹏飞, 王勇, 孙亮. 深度调峰工况下汽轮机低压缸最小流量的确定[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(16): 98-108.
[10]	李天箭, 吴晨帆, 沈磊, 孔祥志, 丁晓红. 基于模态预测及敏度分析的机床动特性设计方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(7): 178-186.
[11]	薛婷, 秦现生, 张顺琦, 王战玺, 白晶. 基于一阶剪切变形理论的CNTRC板的自由振动分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(24): 45-50.
[12]	刘瑞伟, 郭宏伟, 刘荣强, 唐德威, 王洪祥, 邓宗全. 大口径索肋张拉式折展天线索网结构动力学特性分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(12): 1-8.
[13]	张永祥, 刘心, 褚志刚, 黄迪, 王光建. 基于随机子空间法的模态参数自动提取[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(9): 187-194.
[14]	许光辉, 王安斌, 宋月超, 王志强. 一种多层弹性部件轨道系统的动态特性试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(8): 74-82.
[15]	池志强, 夏鸿建, 李德源, 张湘伟. 风力机柔性叶片模态气动阻尼分析方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(2): 176-183.