多工况风电叶片颤振相关性分析与气弹优化

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.20.300

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风电叶片稳定性涉及工况多、设计参数多、颤振机理复杂，给叶片设计带来巨大挑战。为探究大型风电叶片铺层设计参数与颤振特性的隐式关联性及气弹设计规律，以NREL 5MW风力机叶片为研究对象，基于复合材料层合板理论、修正叶素动量理论、欧拉梁模型和气动阻尼计算方法，计算旋转工况和停机工况叶片各主要振动模态下的气动阻尼；采用灰色关联度和Person相关系数，获得叶片铺层设计参数与颤振特性参数多元相关性图谱；基于多工况气动阻尼优化，获得铺层优化解集与设计知识，为风电长柔叶片精细化气弹设计提供方法与知识参考。结果表明，叶片颤振气动阻尼与尾缘泡沫厚度、碳纤维厚度、腹板间距、腹板泡沫厚度参数强相关；旋转工况与停机工况叶片一二阶挥舞气动阻尼呈显著负相关，而两工况一阶摆振阻尼呈显著正相关，二阶摆振阻尼无明显相关性；增大腹板间距、腹板泡沫厚度、碳纤维厚度、碳纤维角度和尾缘泡沫厚度可以获得旋转工况和停机工况各阶模态气动阻尼综合更优的叶片。

关键词: 风力机叶片, 结构动力学, 叶素动量理论, 颤振, 气弹耦合

Abstract: Wind power blade stability involves many working conditions, many design parameters and complex flutter mechanism, which brings great challenges to blade design. To explore the implicit correlation between the layering design parameters and flutter characteristics of large wind turbine blades and the aerodynamic design rules, the blades of NREL 5MW wind turbine were taken as the research object, and the aerodynamic damping of blades under rotating and shutdown conditions was calculated based on the composite laminar theory, the modified blade element momentum theory, the Euler beam model and aerodynamic damping calculation method. The grey correlation degree and the person correlation coefficient were applied to obtain the multiple correlation graphs between blade layering design parameters and flutter characteristic parameters. Based on the aerodynamic damping optimization under multiple conditions, the optimal layup solution set and design knowledge were obtained, which provided methods and knowledge reference for the fine aero-elastic design of wind turbine blades. Results show that the aerodynamic damping of blade flutter is strongly related to the trailing edge foam thickness, carbon-fibre thickness, web spacing, and web foam thickness. There is a significant negative correlation between the first and second order flap-wise damping of the blade under rotation condition and shutdown condition, while the first order edgewise damping presents a significant positive correlation, and the second order edgewise damping has no obvious correlation. The increase of web spacing, web foam thickness, carbon fibre thickness, carbon fibre angle and trailing edge foam thickness produces enhanced aerodynamic damping blades under rotating and shutdown conditions.

Key words: wind turbine blades, structural dynamics, blade element momentum theory, flutter, aeroelastic coupling

中图分类号:

TK83

唐新姿, 李可翔, 何文双, 陈睿, 彭锐涛. 多工况风电叶片颤振相关性分析与气弹优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(20): 300-314.

TANG Xinzi, LI Kexiang, HE Wenshuang, CHEN Rui, PENG Ruitao. Flutter Correlation Analysis and Aeroelastic Optimization of Wind Turbine Blades under Multi-conditions[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(20): 300-314.

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