磁场作用下水基磁流体对TC4与Si3N4摩擦学性能影响的实验研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.07.174

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (7): 174-183.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.07.174

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磁场作用下水基磁流体对TC4与Si₃N₄摩擦学性能影响的实验研究

王优强^1,2, 徐莹¹, 莫君¹, 何彦¹, 赵涛¹, 倪陈兵^1,2

1. 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院青岛 266520;
2. 青岛理工大学工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室青岛 266520

收稿日期:2023-04-19 修回日期:2023-11-08 出版日期:2024-04-05 发布日期:2024-06-07
作者简介:王优强(通信作者)，男，1970年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为摩擦学与表界面工程、铝镁金属材料处理与加工。E-mail：wyq1970301@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51575289)和山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021ME063)资助项目。

Experimental Study on the Effect of Water-based Magnetic Fluid on the Tribological Properties of TC4 and Si₃N₄ under the Action of a Magnetic Field

WANG Youqiang^1,2, XU Ying¹, MO Jun¹, HE Yan¹, ZHAO Tao¹, NI Chenbing^1,2

1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520;
2. Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520

Received:2023-04-19 Revised:2023-11-08 Online:2024-04-05 Published:2024-06-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 钛合金(TC4)是一种航空航天中广泛应用的材料，其具有强度高、耐高温、耐腐蚀等优良特性，但其摩擦学性能限制了其进一步的应用。近年来水基磁流体作为一种智能环保型润滑剂在解决极端工况条件下的润滑问题发挥着巨大优势。利用摩擦磨损实验机研究了磁场作用下水基磁流体对钛合金摩擦学性能的影响。首先实验研究了水基磁流体的磁学性能。采用超声清洗机对原磁流体进行稀释，获得质量分数分别为0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%、10%、20%、36%稳定的水基磁流体。利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)、场发射透射电镜(TEM)和静态接触角测量仪分别测试了磁性颗粒的大小和形貌，研究了不同质量分数的水基磁流体的润湿性，探讨了水基磁流体的磁学性能。实验结果表明：Fe₃O₄颗粒呈球形，平均粒径为14 nm，具有良好的顺磁性。水基磁流体的润湿性随质量分数的增大而增大。其次，研究了水基磁流体的摩擦学性能。以TC4钛合金与Si₃N₄陶瓷球为试件，利用UMT-3往复摩擦磨损试验机测定了不同磁场强度下不同质量分数水基磁流体润滑时钛合金表面的摩擦因数，并用高精度粗糙度仪对磨损量进行测量。结果表明，通过与基液实验结果进行对比发现，不同质量分数的水基磁流体都表现出一定的减摩效果，其中质量分数为1.2%的磁流体减摩效果最好，摩擦因数降低了16.99%。但在施加外磁场时，不同质量分数的水基磁流体的磨损量都会比基液水润滑时有所增加。但是，随着颗粒质量分数和磁场强度的增大，磨损量逐渐减少。最后，通过实验数据对不同磁场作用下不同质量分数水基磁流体的摩擦学性能的作用机理进行分析，为水基磁流体将来在润滑领域的应用提供了实验依据。

关键词: 纳米添加剂, 水基磁流体, 磁场强度, 摩擦学, 减摩润滑性能

Abstract: Titanium alloy (TC4) is widely used in corrosion- and heat-resistant applications such as aerospace, due to its high strength and other excellent mechanical performance. The deep research on tribological properties of TC4 will broaden its further applications. In recent years, water-based magnetic fluid, as an intelligent and environmentally-friendly lubricant, has played an important role in solving the lubrication problem under extreme operating conditions. The effect of water-based magnetic fluid on the tribological properties of titanium alloy in magnetic field is studied by using a friction and wear tester. Firstly, the magnetic properties of water-based magnetic fluid are studied experimentally. The original magnetic fluid is diluted with an ultrasonic cleaner to obtain stable water-based magnetic fluid with concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 10% and 20% respectively. The size and morphology of magnetic particles are measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), field emission transmission electron microscope (TEM) and static contact angle meter, respectively. The wettability of water-based magnetic fluid with different concentrations is studied, and the magnetic properties of water-based magnetic fluid are discussed. The experimental results show that Fe₃O₄ particles are spherical, with an average particle size of 14 nm, and have good paramagnetism. The wettability of water-based magnetic fluid increases with the increase of concentration. Secondly, the tribological properties of water-based magnetic fluid are studied. Taking TC4 titanium alloy and Si₃N₄ ceramic ball as test pieces, the friction coefficient of titanium alloy surface lubricated by water-based magnetic fluid with different concentrations under different magnetic field intensities is measured by UMT-3 reciprocating friction and wear tester, and the wear amount was measured by high-precision roughness meter. The results show that, by comparing with the experimental results of the base fluid, it is found that the water-based magnetic fluid with different concentrations has a certain antifriction effect, among which the magnetic fluid with a concentration of 1.2% has the best antifriction effect, and the friction coefficient is reduced by 16.99%. However, when the external magnetic field is applied, the wear loss of water-based magnetic fluid with different concentrations will increase compared with water-based magnetic fluid lubricated with water. However, with the increase of particle concentration and magnetic field strength, the wear loss decreases gradually. Finally, the mechanism of the tribological properties of water-based magnetic fluid with different concentrations under different magnetic fields is analyzed through the experimental data, which provides an experimental basis for the future application of water-based magnetic fluid in the lubrication field.

Key words: nano-additive, water-based magnetic fluid, magnetic field intensity, friction, antifriction lubrication performance

中图分类号:

TH117

王优强, 徐莹, 莫君, 何彦, 赵涛, 倪陈兵. 磁场作用下水基磁流体对TC4与Si₃N₄摩擦学性能影响的实验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(7): 174-183.

WANG Youqiang, XU Ying, MO Jun, HE Yan, ZHAO Tao, NI Chenbing. Experimental Study on the Effect of Water-based Magnetic Fluid on the Tribological Properties of TC4 and Si₃N₄ under the Action of a Magnetic Field[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(7): 174-183.

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磁场作用下水基磁流体对TC4与Si₃N₄摩擦学性能影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Water-based Magnetic Fluid on the Tribological Properties of TC4 and Si₃N₄ under the Action of a Magnetic Field

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