我国高端压力容器设计制造与维护技术进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.20.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 压力容器是量大面广、具有潜在泄漏和爆炸危险的承压类特种设备，国家将其列为高端装备，要求提升产品质量与核心竞争力。21世纪初以来，我国压力容器行业科技工作者在极端压力容器设计制造、重型压力容器轻量化绿色制造、基于风险的完整性管理、数字化设计制造与维护等方面持续开展研究探索和工程实践，成果应用使得我国石化装置高端压力容器基本不再依赖进口、绿色制造技术水平显著提升、长周期运行维护能力显著增强。首先简要回顾21世纪初以来我国压力容器设计制造与维护技术进展；围绕推进新型工业化、加快建设制造强国质量强国、实施产业基础再造工程和重大技术装备攻关工程等国家重大战略，从工业强基、极端制造、绿色制造、智能制造等四个方面，阐述当前急需解决的技术难题；面向未来二十年新的应用场景和新一代人工智能技术应用，对压力容器发展趋势进行技术预见。

关键词: 压力容器, 设计, 制造, 维护, 风险

Abstract: Pressure vessel is a kind of pressure-bearing special equipment with a large quantity and wide applications, showing the potential hazard of leakage and explosion. China lists pressure vessels as high-end equipment, requiring to improve product quality and core competitiveness. Since the beginning of this century, scientific and technological workers in China have continued to carry out research and exploration and engineering practice in pressure vessel design and manufacturing under extreme conditions, lightweight green manufacturing of heavy-duty pressure vessels, risk-based integrity management, digital design, manufacturing and maintenance, etc. The applications of these achievements have made China’s petrochemical plant high-end pressure vessels basically no longer rely on imports, the level of green manufacturing technology has been significantly improved, and the long-term operation and maintenance capability has been significantly enhanced. This paper first briefly reviews the progress of pressure vessel design, manufacturing and maintenance technology in China since the beginning of this century. Focusing on major national strategies such as advancing new industrialization, moving faster to boost China’s strength in manufacturing and product quality, implementing industrial infrastructure reengineering projects and major technical equipment research projects, the technical problems that need to be solved urgently are elaborated from four aspects including robust industrial foundations, extreme manufacturing, green manufacturing and smart manufacturing. Facing the new application scenarios and the application of a new generation of artificial intelligence technology in the next two decades, the development trend of pressure vessels is technically foreseen.

Key words: pressure vessel, design, manufacturing, maintenance, risk

中图分类号:

TH49
TQ53

陈学东, 范志超, 陈永东, 徐双庆, 崔军, 章小浒, 关卫和, 艾志斌. 我国高端压力容器设计制造与维护技术进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(20): 18-33.

CHEN Xuedong, FAN Zhichao, CHEN Yongdong, XU Shuangqing, CUI Jun, ZHANG Xiaohu, GUAN Weihe, AI Zhibin. Technological Progress on Design, Manufacturing and Maintenance of High-end Pressure Vessels in China[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(20): 18-33.

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