关于硬脆材料去除机理与加工损伤的理性思考

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.15.031

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (15): 31-45.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.15.031

• 特邀专栏：先进磨粒加工技术 • 上一篇下一篇

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关于硬脆材料去除机理与加工损伤的理性思考

卢守相¹, 杨秀轩², 张建秋¹, 周聪¹, 殷景飞³, 张璧¹

1. 南方科技大学机械与能源工程系深圳 518055;
2. 大连理工大学机械工程学院大连 116024;
3. 南京航空航天大学机电学院南京 210016

收稿日期:2021-09-08 修回日期:2021-12-28 发布日期:2022-10-13
通讯作者: 张璧(通信作者),男,1957年出生,博士,讲席教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为超高速精密加工工艺与装备、增减等材复合制造工艺与装备、难加工材料的超高速加工基础理论与实验研究以及金属/陶瓷基复合材料增材制造与超高速加工基础研究。E-mail:zhangb@sustech.edu.cn
作者简介:卢守相,男,1986年出生,博士。主要研究方向为超高速磨削理论与复合材料低损伤加工技术。E-mail:lusx@sustech.edu.cn;殷景飞,男,1992年出生,博士。主要研究方向为难加工材料加工损伤机理及其激光散射检测。E-mail:yinjf2020@nuaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
深圳市人才（KQTD20190929172505711）、国家自然科学基金青年基金（52105453）、中国博士后科学基金（2020TQ0149、2021M691569）和深圳市跨尺度制造力学重点实验室（ZDSYS20200810171201007）资助项目。

Rational Discussion on Material Removal Mechanisms and Machining Damage of Hard and Brittle Materials

LU Shouxiang¹, YANG Xiuxuan², ZHANG Jianqiu¹, ZHOU Cong¹, YIN Jingfei³, ZHANG Bi¹

1. Department of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
3. College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016

Received:2021-09-08 Revised:2021-12-28 Published:2022-10-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硬脆材料是典型的难加工材料。长期以来，实现“延性域”磨削被认为是消除加工损伤的重要途径。从“临界切深模型”和“延性域磨削条件下的损伤”两个角度分析了“延性域”磨削理论存在的问题，从“尺寸效应”、“应变率效应”和“温度效应”三个方面讨论了影响硬脆材料磨削加工损伤的主要因素，并基于位错理论对磨削加工材料去除机理、变形和断裂机制、加工损伤等重要问题进行了理性思考。旨在澄清“延性域”磨削加工的概念，并证明了“延性域”磨削并不代表没有加工损伤。硬脆材料的塑性变形或脆性断裂是“尺寸效应”、“温度效应”与“应变率效应”三者相互竞争、综合作用的结果，超高速磨削在降低硬脆材料加工损伤、提高加工效率方面有巨大的工程应用潜力。

关键词: 延性域, 硬脆材料, 磨削加工, 材料去除机理, 加工损伤

Abstract: Hard and brittle materials are typical difficult-to-machine materials.For a long time, the realization of ‘ductile-regime’ grinding has been considered to be the main way towards obtaining high-quality parts.In this study, the problems associated with ‘ductile-regime’ grinding of hard and brittle materials are analyzed from two perspectives of ‘critical depth model’ and ‘damage hidden underneath the ductile-regime’.The main factors resulting in grinding damage to hard and brittle materials are discussed from three factors of ‘size effect’, ‘strain rate effect’, and ‘temperature effect’.Based on the dislocation theory, some important issues such as material deformation, fracture, and removal mechanisms, and machining damage are extensively discussed.This paper is intended to clarify ‘ductile-regime’ grinding, and further demonstrate that ‘ductile-regime’ grinding does not necessarily reflect grinding quality due to subsurface damage induced in a grinding process.Whether plastic deformation or brittle fracture should occur in grinding of hard and brittle materials is a result of the competition and comprehensive interactions among the ‘size effect’, ‘temperature effect’, and ‘strain rate effect’.Ultra-high-speed grinding has a great potential in suppressing machining damage and improving machining efficiency for hard and brittle materials.

Key words: ductile-regime, hard and brittle materials, grinding, material removal mechanism, machining damage

中图分类号:

TG580

卢守相, 杨秀轩, 张建秋, 周聪, 殷景飞, 张璧. 关于硬脆材料去除机理与加工损伤的理性思考[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(15): 31-45.

LU Shouxiang, YANG Xiuxuan, ZHANG Jianqiu, ZHOU Cong, YIN Jingfei, ZHANG Bi. Rational Discussion on Material Removal Mechanisms and Machining Damage of Hard and Brittle Materials[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(15): 31-45.

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Rational Discussion on Material Removal Mechanisms and Machining Damage of Hard and Brittle Materials

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