• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 118-127.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.08.118

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

车辆轨道系统的P2共振频率研究

关庆华1, 周业明2, 李伟1, 温泽峰1, 金学松1   

  1. 1. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 成都 610031;
    2. 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 青岛 266111
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-23 修回日期:2018-07-25 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 关庆华(通信作者),男,1981年出生,博士,讲师。主要研究方向为车辆轨道动力学与轮轨关系。E-mail:guan_qh@163.com
  • 作者简介:周业明,男,1970年出生,教授级高级工程师,主任设计师。主要研究方向为城市轨道车辆转向架设计。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U1734201,51305360)、牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2017TPL_T05)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2682016CX126)资助项目。

Study on the P2 Resonance Frequency of Vehicle Track System

GUAN Qinghua1, ZHOU Yeming2, LI Wei1, WEN Zefeng1, JIN Xuesong1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
    2. CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266111
  • Received:2018-02-23 Revised:2018-07-25 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-20

摘要: 将车辆轨道系统的P2共振转化为车辆簧下质量和轨道耦合系统的固有频率问题,讨论了其振型函数和频率特征方程。利用频率特征方程,分别分析了简支端欧拉梁钢轨模型长度、车辆簧下质量、轨道结构质量、轮轨接触刚度、钢轨弯曲刚度、钢轨支撑刚度以及车速对系统固有频率的影响,尤其对P2共振频率的影响做了仔细分析。通过分析可知,当轨道长度高于25 m时,轨道模型的简支边界效应对系统的第1、2阶振动固有频率的影响可忽略不计;轮轨线性化接触刚度的增大可使P2共振频率(第一阶共振频率)略有提高,但对第2阶固有频率无影响;轨道质量和车辆簧下质量对车辆轨道系统的P2共振频率有显著影响,P2共振频率显著低于轨道系统自身的固有振动频率;当不考虑轨道结构质量影响时,车辆轨道系统P2共振呈现单自由度振系特征。随着轨道刚度的增大,P2共振频率显著提高,轨道参振质量和钢轨抗弯刚度对P2共振频率略有影响,车辆行驶速度对P2共振频率影响较小。对于实际轨道结构,提出了通过轨道自振特性反推钢轨基础弹性系数和P2共振频率的计算方法,并进行了试验验证。

关键词: Laplace变换, P2共振, 车辆, 轨道, 轨道刚度, 簧下质量

Abstract: The P2 resonance of vehicle and track coupling system is transformed to the natural frequencies of system with unspring mass and track. The mode shape and characteristic equation are discussed. The influences of length of track model, unspring mass, track mass, contact stiffness between wheel and rail, flexural rigidity of the rail, stiffness of foundation and vehicle speed on the natural frequencies especially the P2 resonance frequency are analyzed thoroughly based on the characteristic equation. When the length of track model is longer than 25 m, its influence on P2 resonance and the second natural frequency can be neglected. The increasing contact stiffness will increase the frequency of P2 resonance slightly, but has almost no influence on the second natural frequency. Both the mass of track and unspring mass have significant effects on P2 resonance. The frequency of P2 resonance is much lower than that of the track system without unspring mass. If the track mass is neglected, the P2 resonance of vehicle/track system is actually a vibration system of single degree of freedom. The frequency of P2 resonance grows evidently with the increase of track stiffness. The vibrational mass of track and the flexural rigidity of the rail have slight influence on P2 resonance, while the effect of speed on P2 resonance is not obvious. For application, one method of calculating track stiffness and the frequency of P2 resonance is proposed based on the free vibration of track system, and the effectiveness of this method is verified by experiment.

Key words: Laplace transformation, P2 resonance, track, track stiffness, unspring mass, vehicle

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