基于快速重启智能算法的多参数点阵结构优化设计方法

doi:10.3901/JME.260548

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 点阵结构因其高孔隙率、高比刚度/比强度以及减振吸能效率高等优异特性，被广泛应用于航空航天等重点领域的关键承载部件设计。然而，传统由多杆件构成的桁架点阵结构囿于单一参数描述，严重限制了点阵结构设计的寻优空间，难以满足关键承载部件极致轻量化设计的严苛需求。为此，通过快速重启策略改进近似模型辅助的粒子群优化算法(Fast restarting efficient surrogate-assisted particle swarm optimization，FRESPSO)，提出了一种高效的多参数点阵结构智能设计方法。首先，基于水平集函数构建点阵结构几何的多参数描述模型，实现点阵结构的多参数独立描述，并采用能量均匀化方法计算点阵结构单胞的宏观等效属性；然后，以点阵结构的几何描述参数为设计变量，给定的材料用量为约束条件，点阵结构的整体柔度最小化为优化目标，建立点阵结构优化的数学模型。针对传统智能算法求解上述优化模型易陷入局部收敛的问题，设计了一种基于快速重启策略的改进ESPSO算法，通过定期刷新ESPSO算法的优化过程，以确保算法更详尽地探索设计空间以获得全局最优解。算例结果表明，相比ESPSO算法，在相同性能函数评估次数下，FRESPSO算法优化后的点阵结构柔度进一步降低了6.56%～13.50%；相比传统单参数点阵结构，优化后的多参数点阵结构柔度降低了12.39%～39.87%，具有更优异的承载能力。所提方法拓展了点阵结构设计空间，提高了点阵结构设计灵活性，在航空航天等重点领域装备结构的轻量化设计方面具有重要应用前景。

关键词: 点阵结构, 显式几何描述, FRESPSO算法, 能量均匀化方法, 结构柔度

Abstract: Due to its high porosity, high specific stiffness/strength, and excellent vibration damping and energy absorption efficiency, lattice structures are widely used in the design of key load-bearing components in various critical fields, such as aerospace. However, traditional truss-lattice structures with multiple struts are descripted by a single parameter, which severely limits s their design space and fails to meet the extreme lightweight design requirements of the critical load-bearing components. To this end, by improving efficient surrogate-assisted particle swarm optimization through a fast restarting strategy, an efficient intelligent design method for multi-parameter lattice structures is proposed. First, an explicit geometry model of a lattice unit cell with multiple description parameters is constructed by the level set function, achieving independent description of multiple geometry parameters of lattice structures. The macroscopic effective properties of lattice unit cell is calculated by an energy homogenization method. Then, taking the geometric description parameters as design variables, material consumption as constraint conditions, and overall compliance minimization of lattice structures as objective functions, an optimization mathematical model of multi-parameter lattice structures is established. To address the issue of traditional intelligent algorithms tending to fall into local convergence when solving the optimization model, an improved ESPSO algorithm is proposed by using a fast restart strategy. to ensure a more thorough exploration in the design space and obtain a global optimal solution. Numerical results show that compared with ESPSO algorithm, the compliance of the o20imized lattice structures by the FRESPSO algorithm is further reduced by 6.56% to 13.50% with the same number of performance function evaluations. Compared with traditional single-parameter lattice structures, the compliance of the optimized multi-parameter lattice structures is reduced by 12.39% to 39.87%, demonstrating their more superior load-bearing capacity. The proposed design method expands the design space of lattice structures and enhances their design flexibility, and has a significant application potential in the lightweight design of equipment structures in critical fields such as aerospace.

Key words: lattice structures, explicit geometric description, FRESPSO algorithm, energy homogenization method, structural compliance

中图分类号:

TH122

蒋国璋, 吴志强, 张严, 苑森, 谢寒冰. 基于快速重启智能算法的多参数点阵结构优化设计方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(15): 542-554.

JIANG Guozhang, WU Zhiqiang, ZHANG Yan, YUAN Sen, XIE Hanbing. Optimization Design Method of Multi-parameter Lattice Structures Based on a Fast Restarting Intelligent Algorithm[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(15): 542-554.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260548

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I15/542

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