考虑多源不确定性的转子装配几何精度预测和优化

doi:10.3901/JME.260697

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (13): 270-282.doi: 10.3901/JME.260697

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考虑多源不确定性的转子装配几何精度预测和优化

张小霞^1,2, 孙惠斌^1,2, 张譍之^1,2, 刘萌^1,3, 高越^1,2

1. 西北工业大学航空发动机高性能制造工业和信息化部重点实验室西安 710072;
2. 西北工业大学机电学院西安 710072;
3. 中国航发南方工业有限公司株洲 412002

收稿日期:2025-07-08 修回日期:2025-12-21 发布日期:2026-08-28
作者简介:张小霞，女，1998年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为航空发动机转子装配特性分析、不确定性量化。E-mail：xiaoxiazhang@mail.nwpu.edu.cn;孙惠斌(通信作者)，男，1977年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为精密装配、数字孪生。E-mail：Sun_huibin@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52475540)和国家科技重大专项(J2022-VII-0001-0043)资助项目。

Prediction and Optimization of Rotor Assembly Geometric Accuracy Considering Multi-source Uncertainties

ZHANG Xiaoxia^1,2, SUN Huibin^1,2, ZHANG Yingzhi^1,2, LIU Meng^1,3, GAO Yue^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero-Engine of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072;
3. Aero Engine Corporation of China South Industry Company Limited, Zhuzhou 412002

Received:2025-07-08 Revised:2025-12-21 Published:2026-08-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对确定性条件下转子装配几何精度预测与实测结果不符、堆叠优化结果分散度较大的问题，提出不确定性下转子装配几何精度预测和优化方法，考虑装配过程中的多源不确定性，首先进行不确定性来源分析和表征。然后，建立不确定性下转子装配几何精度预测模型，并基于蒙特卡洛(MC)方法，采用双层嵌套的方式对随机-区间混合不确定性模型进行求解。在此基础上，构建混合不确定性下转子同轴度双层优化模型，同时保证同轴度超差概率上界和同轴度误差区间中点的均值最小。最后，以某多级转子模拟件为对象，通过对比实测结果、不确定性预测和优化结果以及现有确定性堆叠预测和优化方法的结果，对所提方法进行实例验证。结果显示，优化装配使转子同轴度误差降低了57.28%，且多次装配测量得到的转子同轴度误差都在不确定性预测范围内，表明了所提方法能够实现转子装配几何精度的精准预测和可靠优化。

关键词: 转子装配, 几何精度预测, 混合不确定性, 超差概率, 同轴度优化

Abstract: Aiming at the problems that the prediction of rotor assembly geometric accuracy is inconsistent with the measured results and the stacking optimization results are scattered greatly under deterministic conditions, the method of prediction and optimization of rotor assembly geometric accuracy under uncertainty is proposed. Considering the multi-source uncertainties in the assembly process, the source analysis and characterization of the uncertainties are firstly carried out. Then, the prediction model of rotor assembly geometric accuracy under uncertainty is established, and the random-interval mixed uncertainty model is solved based on the Monte Carlo method with a double-layer nesting approach. On this basis, a double-layer optimization model of rotor coaxiality under mixed uncertainty is constructed, and the upper bound of coaxiality overproof probability and the mean of the midpoints in all coaxiality error intervals are minimized at the same time. Finally, taking a simulated multi-stage rotor as the object, the proposed method is verified by comparing measured results, uncertainty prediction and optimization results, and results from the existing deterministic stacking method. The results show that the optimal assembly reduces the rotor coaxiality error by 57.28%, and the rotor coaxiality error values obtained by multiple assembly measurements are within the uncertainty prediction range, which indicates that the proposed method can achieve accurate prediction and reliable optimization of the rotor assembly geometric accuracy.

Key words: rotor assembly, geometric accuracy prediction, mixed uncertainty, overproof probability, coaxiality optimization

中图分类号:

V239

张小霞, 孙惠斌, 张譍之, 刘萌, 高越. 考虑多源不确定性的转子装配几何精度预测和优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(13): 270-282.

ZHANG Xiaoxia, SUN Huibin, ZHANG Yingzhi, LIU Meng, GAO Yue. Prediction and Optimization of Rotor Assembly Geometric Accuracy Considering Multi-source Uncertainties[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(13): 270-282.

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考虑多源不确定性的转子装配几何精度预测和优化

Prediction and Optimization of Rotor Assembly Geometric Accuracy Considering Multi-source Uncertainties

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