两级负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器多目标优化方法

doi:10.3901/JME.260018

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 250-261.doi: 10.3901/JME.260018

• 特邀专栏：运载火箭机构技术 • 上一篇

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两级负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器多目标优化方法

杜永康¹, 严浩², 刘旭辉², 王有懿², 吕俊¹, 李昊峻³, 吴嘉宁¹, 焦小磊¹

1. 中山大学先进制造学院深圳 518107;
2. 北京控制工程研究所北京 100081;
3. 中山大学微电子学院珠海 519082

收稿日期:2025-04-11 修回日期:2025-10-09 发布日期:2026-02-13
作者简介:杜永康，男，2002年出生，硕士研究生。主要研究方向为振动抑制。E-mail：duyk@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
焦小磊(通信作者)，男，1987年出生，博士，副教授。主要研究方向为智能结构机构设计与力学性能调控、精密仪器振动测量与抑制。E-mail：jiaoxlei@mail.sysu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC2202800, 2020YFC2201100, 2022YFC2204200, 2023YFC2205900)。

Multi-objective Optimization Method for 2-DoF Negative Impedance Electromagnetic Shunt Damper

DU Yongkang¹, YAN Hao², LIU Xuhui², WANG Youyi², Lü Jun¹, LI Haojun³, WU Jianing¹, JIAO Xiaolei¹

1. School of Advanced Manufacturing, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107;
2. Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 100081;
3. School of Microelectronics and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082

Received:2025-04-11 Revised:2025-10-09 Published:2026-02-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运载火箭在发射和回收过程中面临复杂的动力学激励，易对箭体结构及整流罩内航天装备产生振动冲击，设计性能优良的减振缓冲器件显得尤为重要。负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器通过在电气回路中引入负阻抗，减小电路电阻，增加回路电流，从而增强电磁阻尼力的输出，提升减振缓冲性能。然而，在负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器设计过程中，存在电感、电阻和刚度权衡困难，设计效率低的问题。面向两级负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器优化设计难题，提出一种基于NSGA-II的多目标优化方法。通过推导两级负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器的共振放大倍数和高频衰减率目标函数，预先对弹簧片刚度进行仿真计算，确定合理的刚度约束范围，对电压超前相位角进行约束，以减少优化后的筛选量。仿真算例表明，采用所提出的优化方法，在满足二自由度系统共振放大倍数小于3 dB的基础上，能够分别实现在100 Hz处的正弦振动衰减率小于-40 dB、在200 Hz处小于-70 dB的目标，同时也验证了优化后的设计参数组合能够有效抑制冲击载荷。所提出的优化方法可用于负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器的多目标优化设计。

关键词: 负阻抗电磁分流阻尼, 多目标优化, 减振缓冲

Abstract: During the launch and recovery process, carrier rockets face complex dynamic excitations, which can easily cause vibration and impact on the rocket structure and aerospace equipment inside the fairing. Therefore, it is particularly important to design high-performance vibration damping and buffering devices. The negative impedance electromagnetic shunt damper (NIESD) introduces negative impedance into the electrical circuit, reducing circuit resistance and increasing circuit current, thereby enhancing the output of electromagnetic damping force and improving vibration damping and buffering performance. However, in the design process of NIESDs, there are difficulties in balancing inductance, resistance, and stiffness, and the design efficiency is low. This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method based on NSGA-II for the optimization design of 2-DoF NIESDs. By deriving the resonance amplification factor and high-frequency attenuation rate objective function of the 2-DoF NIESD, the stiffness of the spring is simulated and calculated to determine a reasonable stiffness constraint range, and the voltage lead phase angle is constrained to reduce the selection amount after optimization. Simulation results indicate that with the proposed optimization method, the 2-DoF system can achieve sinusoidal vibration attenuation rates of better than -40 dB at 100 Hz and better than -70 dB at 200 Hz, respectively, while maintaining resonance amplification below 3 dB. It also verifies that the optimized design parameter combination can effectively suppress impact loads. The optimization method proposed can be used for multi-objective optimization design of NIESDs.

Key words: negative impedance electromagnetic shunt damping, multi-objective optimization, vibration damping and buffering

中图分类号:

V421

杜永康, 严浩, 刘旭辉, 王有懿, 吕俊, 李昊峻, 吴嘉宁, 焦小磊. 两级负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器多目标优化方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(1): 250-261.

DU Yongkang, YAN Hao, LIU Xuhui, WANG Youyi, Lü Jun, LI Haojun, WU Jianing, JIAO Xiaolei. Multi-objective Optimization Method for 2-DoF Negative Impedance Electromagnetic Shunt Damper[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(1): 250-261.

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两级负阻抗电磁分流阻尼器多目标优化方法

Multi-objective Optimization Method for 2-DoF Negative Impedance Electromagnetic Shunt Damper

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