主动干摩擦阻尼器参数敏感性分析及控制策略设计

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.20.328

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在由主动干摩擦阻尼器(Active dry friction dampers，ADFD)支承的转子系统中，ADFD摩擦阻尼水平的可控性使转子系统不平衡振动能够通过ADFD的正压力调节，通过量化指标分析ADFD对转子系统不平衡振动的影响有利于ADFD正压力控制策略的合理设计。针对这一问题，提出应用Morris方法量化转子系统的不平衡振动关于ADFD正压力变化的敏感程度，并通过研究不同轴向位置、不同转速、不同正压力范围条件下转子系统不平衡振动灵敏度的变化规律来进行系统振动控制目标及正压力控制算法的设计。数值分析及模拟试验结果均表明，通过选取灵敏度最大轴向位置处转子的不平衡振动作为控制目标就能够对转子系统特定模态的振动进行有效控制；灵敏度指标能有效反映不同转速下ADFD对转子系统不平衡振动的影响，基于灵敏度分析能确定ADFD有效减振工作转速的范围；不同正压力范围下的灵敏度分析结果能用于正压力控制策略的优化设计，防止潜在的振动恶化。

关键词: 主动干摩擦阻尼器, 转子系统, 敏感性分析, Morris方法, 振动控制

Abstract: For the rotor system supported by active dry friction dampers(ADFD), the controllability of ADFD friction damping levels makes the unbalanced rotor vibration can be turned by ADFD’s normal forces, in which case analyzing the influences of ADFD on rotor unbalanced vibrations via quantitative indicators would be beneficial for reasonable controller design. To solve this problem, the Morris method is proposed to quantify the sensitivity of rotor unbalanced vibrations with respect to the changes of ADFD clamping forces. The variation of unbalanced response sensitivities for different axial locations are investigated under different rotational speeds and normal force ranges, and the results are further used for the choices of control objectives as well as the controller parameters. It was revealed by both numerical and experimental investigations that, by choosing the unbalanced response of the axial position with largest sensitivity metrics as the control objective, certain rotor vibration modes can be controlled effectively. The sensitivity indices could reflect the influences of ADFD on rotor unbalanced vibrations, thus the operating speeds with effective vibration attenuation performances can be determined for the ADFD. The sensitivity analysis results under different normal force ranges can be used for the optimization of control strategies, which can pretend potential vibration deteriorations.

Key words: active dry friction damper, rotor system, sensitivity analysis, the Morris method, vibration control

中图分类号:

TB535

蒋明宏, 高象宏, 张鹏, 祝长生. 主动干摩擦阻尼器参数敏感性分析及控制策略设计[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(20): 328-338,348.

JIANG Minghong, GAO Xianghong, ZHANG Peng, ZHU Changsheng. Parametric Sensitivity Analysis and Design of Control Strategies for Active Dry Friction Dampers[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(20): 328-338,348.

参考文献

[1] 韩清凯，王浩博，吕昊，等. 大型挤压油膜阻尼器非线性动力学分析与优化研究进展[J]. 动力学与控制学报，2022，20(5)：1-19. HAN Qingkai，WANG Haobo，LÜ Hao，et al. Progress review on nonlinear dynamic analysis and optimization for large-scale squeeze film dampers[J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control，2022，20(5)：1-19.
[2] VASHISHT R K. Vibration control of flexible rotors using a passive magnetic device working on the principle of electromagnetic shunt damping[J]. Mechatronics，2023，90：102931.
[3] 倪德，朱如鹏，陆凤霞，等. 有阻尼智能弹簧减振系统参数的一种设计方法[J]. 振动与冲击，2014，33(23)：116-121，144. NI De，ZHU Rupeng，LU Fengxia，et al. A parametric design method for a smart damped spring vibration reduction system[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2014，33(23)：116-121，144.
[4] 彭勃. 多跨轴系动力学及其智能弹簧支承减振研究[D]. 南京：南京航空航天大学，2017. PENG Bo. Research on multi-span shaft dynamics and vibration reduction via smart spring support[D]. Nanjing：Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2017.
[5] LI Miaomiao，MA Liangliang，WU Chuanguo，et al. Influence of smart spring support parameters on vibration characteristics of three support shafting[J]. Applied Sciences，2020，10(21)：7752.
[6] LI Miaomiao，MA Liangliang，WU Chuanguo，et al. Study on the vibration active control of three-support shafting with smart spring while accelerating over the critical speed[J]. Applied Sciences，2020，10(17)：6100.
[7] 宋明波，廖明夫，王四季. 折返式可控弹支干摩擦阻尼器设计及减振试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击，2019，38(14)：18-22. SONG Mingbo，LIAO Mingfu，WANG Siji. Experimental investigation on the vibration reduction performance of a damper with C-shape tunable elastic support and dry friction[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2019，38(14)：18-22.
[8] WANG Siji，LIAO Mingfu，SONG Mingbo，et al. An active elastic support/dry friction damper：New modeling and analysis for vibration control of rotor systems[C]//. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Rotor Dynamics-IFToMM，2019：19-33.
[9] LIU Di，ZHOU Liang，ZHANG Dayi，et al. A strategy of vibration control for rotors with dry friction dampers[J]. Journal of Vibration and Control，2023，29(3)：2907-2920.
[10] LIAO Mingfu，LI Yan，SONG Mingbo，et al. Dynamics modeling and numerical analysis of rotor with elastic support/dry friction dampers[J]. Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2018，35(1)：69-83.
[11] 宋明波. 弹支干摩擦阻尼器与转子匹配的动力学设计方法研究[D]. 西安：西北工业大学，2016. SONG Mingbo. Dynamic design of elastic support/dry friction damper matching rotor[D]. Xi’an：Northwestern Polytechnical University，2016.
[12] LIU Lu，QIN Jinhao，JI Hongli，et al. Optimal control of reinforced plate based on the minimum energy[J]. Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2016，33(2)：166-172.
[13] 曾开春，欧阳炎，寇西平，等. 风洞模型主动减振结构作动器效率定量表征与提升研究[J]. 振动与冲击，2022，41(18)：166-175，191. ZENG Kaichun，OUYANG Yan，KOU Xiping，et al. Quantification and improvement of the actuator effectiveness of an active damper for wind tunnel tests[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2022，41(18)：166-175，191.
[14] 陶鸿飞，崔升. 压电智能结构的主动控制及压电执行器布局优化[J]. 动力学与控制学报，2019，17(3)：234- 243. TAO Hongfei，CUI Sheng. Active control of piezoelectric structures and optimal placement of piezoelectric actuators[J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control，2019，17(3)：234-243.
[15] TAKUYA I，WILL U，HERMAN J. Toward SALib 2.0：Advancing the accessibility and interpretability of global sensitivity analyses[J]. Socio-environmental Systems Modeling，2022，4：18155.
[16] WU Yaguang，LI Lin，FAN Yu，et al. Design of semi-active dry friction dampers for steady-state vibration：Sensitivity analysis and experimental studies[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，2019，459：114850.
[17] FRISWELL M I，PENNY J E T，GARVEY S D，et al. Dynamics of rotating machines[M]. Cambridge： Cambridge University Press，2010.
[18] WIJATA A，AWREJCEWICZ J，MATEJ J，et al. Mathematical model for two-dimensional dry friction modified by dither[J]. Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids，2017，22(10)：1936-1949.
[19] MENQ C H，CHIDAMPARAM P，GRIFFIN J. Friction damping of two-dimensional motion and its application in vibration control[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，1991，144(3)：427-447.
[20] DOS SANTOS M B，COELHO H T，NETO F P L，et al. Assessment of semi-active friction dampers[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing，2017，94：33-56.
[21] LU Lyanywan，LIN Chichang，LIN Ginglong，et al. Experiment and analysis of a fuzzy-controlled piezoelectric seismic isolation system[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，2010，329(11)：1992-2014.
[22] SANLITURK K，EWINS D. Modelling two-dimensional friction contact and its application using harmonic balance method[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration，1996，193(2)：511-523.
[23] 单颖春，朱梓根. 平面接触圆运动摩擦力的解析与数值算法[J]. 航空动力学报，2002(4)：447-450. SHAN Yingchun，ZHU Zigen. Theoretical and numerical methods for solving friction force of circular motion in contact plane[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power，2002(4)：447-450.
[24] 郑召利. 多时变特征转子振动模型减缩、不确定性量化及故障检测方法研究[D]. 西安：西安交通大学，2022. ZHENG Zhaoli. Study on the model order reduction，uncertainty quantification and fault detection methods of rotor vibration with various time-varying characteristics[D]. Xi’an：Xi’an Jiaotong University，2022.
[25] MORRIS M. Factorial sampling plans for preliminary computational experiments[J]. Technometrics，1991，33(2)：161-174.
[26] CAMPOLONGO F，CARIBONI J，SALTELLI A. An effective screening design for sensitivity analysis of large models[J]. Environmental Modelling & Software，2007，22(10)：1509- 1518.
[27] HOU Z，XIONG S. On model-free adaptive control and its stability analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control，2019，64(11)：4555-4569.
[28] 周天豪，陈磊，祝长生，等. 基于自适应变步长最小均方算法的磁悬浮高速电机不平衡补偿[J]. 电工技术学报，2020，35(9)：1900-1911. ZHOU Tianhao，CHEN Lei，ZHU Changsheng，et al. Unbalance compensation for magnetically levitated high-speed motors based on adaptive variable step size least mean square algorithm[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2020，35(9)：1900-1911.