农机装备绿色设计内涵及技术体系

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.19.290

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农机装备量大面广，产生的资源能源消耗和环境排放问题日益突出，推进农机装备绿色发展是“碳达峰、碳中和”背景下需要解决的问题。开展农机装备绿色设计是从源头上解决其制造、包装、运输、运行及维护、报废回收处理等生命周期过程资源消耗和环境排放问题的有效方法。为此，首先从全生命周期的角度提出农机装备绿色设计概念，明确农机装备绿色设计内涵和需要注意的原则；然后，引入绿色属性构建农机装备绿色设计流程，并从设计目标、设计边界、基础数据、设计工具、产品属性等方面分析农机装备绿色设计与常规设计的异同；最后，建立涵盖绿色选材、轻量化设计、模块化设计、节能设计、易拆解设计、可再制造设计等技术的农机装备绿色设计技术体系，并介绍农机装备绿色设计要点和典型应用。上述体系可为我国农机装备绿色发展提供技术参考。

关键词: 农机装备, 绿色设计, 生命周期

Abstract: Agricultural equipment is widely used in China, which has led to increasingly resource and energy consumption problem as well as environmental emissions. Promoting development of green agricultural equipment is an issue that needs to be addressed. Green design of agricultural equipment is an effective method to solve the above-mentioned problem from the perspective of manufacturing, packaging, transportation, operation and maintenance, scrapping and recycling process. Hence, the concept of green design for agricultural equipment is first proposed. Then the connotation and principles in green design of agricultural equipment are proposed. Secondly, the green design procedure of agricultural equipment is constructed. On the basis, the similarities and differences between green design and conventional design of agricultural equipment from the aspects of objectives, boundaries, basic data, tools, product attributes are analyzed. Finally, the framework for green design of agricultural equipment is presented, which includes green material selection, lightweight design, modular design, energy-efficient design, easy disassembly design and remanufacturing design. Moreover, the points and applications of using these technologies are introduced. The framework can be a useful tool for green design of agricultural equipment.

Key words: agricultural equipment, green design, life cycle

中图分类号:

TH122

陈行政, 宋幼添, 刘凡一, 谢守勇, 罗佳. 农机装备绿色设计内涵及技术体系[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(19): 290-298.

CHEN Xingzheng, SONG Youtian, LIU Fanyi, XIE Shouyong, LUO Jia. Connotation and Technical Framework of Green Design for Agricultural Equipment[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(19): 290-298.

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