旋转超声复合多能场加工机理研究与试验

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.01.335

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 将旋转超声效应与磨削、电解及放电等多能量场作用有效复合，实现难加工材料、异形面零部件的旋转超声复合多能场精密、高效加工。开展旋转超声复合多能场加工机理研究，设计并研制旋转超声复合多能场加工系统，可实现磨削、超声、电解及放电等多能场复合加工试验和参数优化；对高速钢、硬铝合金、铝基碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料(SiCp/Al)进行机械磨削、超声磨削及多能场复合加工试验。结果证明：多能场复合加工能有效减少切削力、热，保证极间材料及时去除及电解液循环更新，增强和稳定多能场复合加工效果；合理选择多能场协同作用参数，可保证加工精度，提高加工效率；采用试验优化参数，加工某型航空发动机叶片可满足型面精度要求。旋转超声复合多能场加工方法具有多技术复合优势，具有重要工程应用前景。

关键词: 旋转超声, 多能场加工, 机理研究, 成形精度, 参数试验

Abstract: Rotational ultrasonic effects were integrated with multi-energy field systems of grinding, electrolysis effectively and discharge to achieve precision and high-efficiency composite multi-field processing of difficult-to-machine materials and complex shaped parts. Researching on the mechanisms of rotational ultrasonic composite multi-field processing. A rotational ultrasonic-compounded multi-field processing experimental system is designed and developed, which could realize multi-field machining experiments and parameter optimization involving grinding, ultrasonics, electrolysis and discharge. Experimental schemes are designed to conduct mechanical grinding, ultrasonic grinding and composite multi-field processing experiments on high-speed steel, aluminum, and SiCp/Al particle-reinforced ceramic materials. Tests proved that multi-field composite processing could effectively reduce mechanical forces and heat generation while enhancing grinding effects. Meanwhile, it ensured timely removal of inter-electrode materials and renewal of electrolytes to improve and stabilize electrolysis effects. Reasonable selection of multi-field synergy parameters can ensure processing accuracy and improve processing efficiency. After parameter optimization, a certain type of aero-engine blades meeting surface accuracy requirements are machined. The rotational ultrasonic composite multi-field processing method has the combined advantages of multiple technologies and has major engineering application prospects.

Key words: rotational ultrasonic, multi-field machining, mechanism study, forming accuracy, parameters experiment

中图分类号:

TG663

荣沁, 陈源源, 黄大中, 朱永伟. 旋转超声复合多能场加工机理研究与试验[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(1): 335-344.

RONG Qin, CHEN Yuanyuan, HUANG Dazhong, ZHU Yongwei. Study and Experiment on Mechanism of Rotary Ultrasonic Combined Multi-energy Field Machining[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(1): 335-344.

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