丝束同轴冷阴极电子枪电子束注腰位置影响因素分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.03.328

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 328-336.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.03.328

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丝束同轴冷阴极电子枪电子束注腰位置影响因素分析

石毅磊^1,2, 权银洙³, 许海鹰^1,4, 王壮¹, 马文龙^1,4, 彭勇⁴

1. 中国航空制造技术研究院高能束流发生器实验室北京 100024;
2. 北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院北京 100191;
3. 中国人民解放军 93160 部队北京 100076;
4. 南京理工大学材料科学与工程学院南京 210094

收稿日期:2023-02-09 修回日期:2023-08-17 出版日期:2024-02-05 发布日期:2024-04-28
通讯作者: 许海鹰,男,1973年出生,博士,研究员,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高能束源技术开发及其应用。E-mail:xhyxhy@126.com
作者简介:石毅磊,男, 1996 年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为高能束流焊接与增材制造宏微观缺陷原位调控机理。E-mail:leishivarious@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51775527,52075024)、军工双百工艺攻关(JCKY2018205B027)和国防基础科研计划(JCKY2017205A002)资助项目。

Factors Analysis on the Electron Beam Waist Position of Gas Discharger Electron Beam Gun of Coaxial Beam Wire

SHI Yilei^1,2, QUAN Yinzhu³, XU Haiying^1,4, WANG Zhuang¹, MA Wenlong^1,4, PENG Yong⁴

1. Science and Technology on Power Beam Generator Laboratory, AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute, Beijing 100024;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191;
3. Unit 93160 of China People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100076;
4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094

Received:2023-02-09 Revised:2023-08-17 Online:2024-02-05 Published:2024-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 丝束同轴电子束熔丝增材制造(C-EBAM)大部分能量作用于丝材可以避免轴侧送丝模式对成形质量所造成的不利影响,为了进一步提高 C-EBAM 的成形精度和成形效率,优化电子束流品质,开展了丝束同轴冷阴极电子枪电子束注腰位置影响因素分析的工作。针对 C-EBAM 电子枪束源等离子阳极透镜结构表征困难,在理论分析电子束注腰空间位置参数的基础上,采用数值模拟与试验分析相结合的方法,研究了阴-阳极电极结构、工作电压、放电气体类型以及气体压力等对束流注腰位置特征参数的影响规律。数值模拟结果表明,阴极球面半径与阳极倾角对束流起静电汇聚能力影响着注腰处电流密度,表现为先增大后减小趋势。试验分析表明,工作电压、放电气体类型以及气体压力影响等离子体电离度与粒子运动速度,改变了注腰空间位置特征参数,即随着工作电压、气体流量增加,电子枪下端面至注腰轴向中心距离、注腰长度分别增大。

关键词: 电子束熔丝增材制造, 丝束同轴, 电子枪结构, CST 电磁仿真, 注腰位置

Abstract: Most of the energy of the coaxial electron beam wire additive manufacturing (C-EBAM) acts on the wire can avoid the adverse effect of the axial side wire feeding mode on the forming quality. In order to further improve the forming accuracy and efficiency of the C-EBAM, and optimize the electron beam quality, the work of factors analysis on the electron beam waist position of gas discharger electron beam gun of coaxial beam wire is carried out. Difficulties in characterizing the structure of plasma anode lenses for C-EBAM electron beam sources. Based on the theoretical analysis of the electron beam waist position parameters, a method combining numerical simulation and experimental analysis is adopted. The influence of cathode-anode electrode structure, working voltage, discharge gas type and gas pressure on the beam waist position characteristic parameters is investigated. The numerical simulation results show that the current density at the beam waist is affected by the cathode spherical radius and the anode inclination on the electrostatic convergence ability of the beam, which first increases and then decreases. The experimental analysis shows that the working voltage, the type of discharge gas and the gas pressure affect the plasma ionization degree and the particle velocity, and change the characteristic parameters of the waist position, i.e., with the increase of the working voltage and the gas flow rate, the distance from the bottom end surface of the electron gun to the axial center of the beam waist and the beam waist length increase respectively.

Key words: wire-fed electron beam additive manufacturing, coaxial beam wire, electron gun structure, CST electromagnetic simulation, waist position

中图分类号:

TG439
TN132

石毅磊, 权银洙, 许海鹰, 王壮, 马文龙, 彭勇. 丝束同轴冷阴极电子枪电子束注腰位置影响因素分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(3): 328-336.

SHI Yilei, QUAN Yinzhu, XU Haiying, WANG Zhuang, MA Wenlong, PENG Yong. Factors Analysis on the Electron Beam Waist Position of Gas Discharger Electron Beam Gun of Coaxial Beam Wire[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(3): 328-336.

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丝束同轴冷阴极电子枪电子束注腰位置影响因素分析

Factors Analysis on the Electron Beam Waist Position of Gas Discharger Electron Beam Gun of Coaxial Beam Wire

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