钛/钢异种金属焊接研究进展综述

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.22.040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 钛/钢异种金属结构件不仅可以发挥钛合金比强度高、耐蚀性好等优点，还可以兼顾钢材优异的焊接性和性价比，在石油化工、海洋工程及航空航天等领域具有广泛的应用前景。然而，由于Ti、Fe之间的物理及化学性能差异较大，实现钛/钢结构件的可靠焊接极具挑战。界面脆性化合物的生成以及接头内部较大的残余应力是制约接头性能提高的主要原因。从界面能量调控、中间层冶金调控以及能场辅助热源调控三个角度出发，综述了焊接工艺、中间层种类以及辅助能场在钛/钢异种金属焊接领域的国内外研究进展，总结对比了合金元素、工艺参数等因素对接头宏观成形及界面微观组织的影响，分析了工艺-成形-组织-性能之间的内在关联。在此基础上，对钛/钢异种金属连接进行了总结与展望，拟为未来钛/钢连接的研究方向与技术突破提供参考。

关键词: 钛/钢异种金属焊接, 能量调控, 中间层调控, 能场辅助, 组织性能

Abstract: The titanium/steel dissimilar metal structural components can not only take advantage of the high strength and good corrosion resistance of titanium alloys, but also consider the excellent weldability and cost-effectiveness of steel, which has broad application prospects in the fields of petrochemicals, marine engineering, aerospace, etc. However, due to the significant differences in physical and chemical properties between Ti and Fe, achieving reliable welding of titanium/steel composite components is extremely challenging. The generation of interface brittle compounds and large residual stresses within the joint are the main factors restricting the improvement of joint performance. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign research progress in the field of dissimilar metal welding of titanium/steel focusing on interface energy control, interlayer metallurgy control, and energy field-assisted heat source control. It summarizes and compares the effects of alloy elements, welding parameters, and other factors on the weld formation and interfacial microstructure, and analyzes the inherent correlation among the welding process-weld formation-interfacial microstructure-mechanical performance. Based on this, a summary and prospect of titanium/steel dissimilar metal welding field are provided, aiming to provide reference for future research directions and technological breakthroughs in titanium/steel welding.

Key words: titanium/steel dissimilar metal welding, energy control, interlayer regulation, energy field assistance, microstructure and mechanical property

中图分类号:

TG44

孙清洁, 陶玉洁, 刘一搏, 冯吉才. 钛/钢异种金属焊接研究进展综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(22): 40-57.

SUN Qingjie, TAO Yujie, LIU Yibo, FENG Jicai. Review on the Research Progress of Titanium/Steel Dissimilar Metal Welding[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(22): 40-57.

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