非圆面齿轮差速器的构型原理与动态防滑机制

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.05.067

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对变传动比差速器核心元件制造难度大、动态限滑机制不明确的问题，提出一种基于非圆面齿轮的新型变传动比差速器，并针对该差速器的构型原理与动态防滑机制展开研究。在阐明圆柱齿轮与非圆面齿轮的传动原理的基础上，给出非圆面齿轮差速器的构型原理；针对单侧驱动车轮打滑，整车陷入困境的工况，根据机构旋转法得到非圆面齿轮差速器的运动学表达式，利用高等动力学理论，构建非圆面齿轮差速器各构件的力学平衡方程，推导出整车牵引力公式，进而建立非圆面齿轮差速器驱动下整车水平移动的动力学模型；通过试验和仿真相结合的方法，对差速器在两驱动轮上的扭矩分配，动态牵引力变化以及整车的脱困行为进行研究，结果表明：非圆面齿轮差速器使单侧打滑车轮产生周期惯性扭矩，有利于提升车辆的最大牵引力，它是变传动比差速器动态防滑的根本原因；增加差速器输入转速，能够有效提升车辆脱困的平均速度，同时对车辆产生的柔性冲击幅值也会增大，研究结果为变传动比差速器的设计提供一定的理论依据。

关键词: 非圆齿轮, 差速器, 车辆动力学, 防滑机制

Abstract: For the difficult manufacture of the core components and the unknown dynamic slip-limiting mechanism of the variable transmission ratio differential, a new type of variable transmission ratio differential based on non-circular face gear is presented, with the configuration principle and dynamic antiskid slip mechanism of the differential studied. The transmission principle of cylindrical gear and non-circular face gear is given to illustrating the the configuration principle of the new differential. For the condition that the vehicle is in trouble due to the skidding of the single-side drive wheel, the kinematics expression of the non-circular gear differential is obtained according to the mechanism rotation method. Based on the theory of advanced dynamics, the mechanics equilibrium equation of each component of non-circular face gear differential is constructed, with the vehicle traction force formula deduced. Then a dynamic model of horizontal movement of the vehicle driven by a non-circular face gear differential is established. The torque distribution of the differential on the two driving wheels, the change of dynamic traction force and the vehicle's escape behavior are studied by the method of test and simulation. The results show that the non-circular gear differential makes the slip wheel produce periodic inertia torque, which is beneficial to improve the maximum traction force of the vehicle and is the fundamental reason for the dynamic antiskid slip of the variable transmission ratio differential. Increasing the input speed of the differential not only could effectively improve the average speed of the vehicle out of distress but also increase the amplitude of the flexible impact on the vehicle. The research results provide a certain theoretical basis for the design of variable transmission ratio differential.

Key words: noncircular gear, differential, vehicle dynamics, anti-skid mechanism

中图分类号:

TH132

刘大伟, 李冰冰, 傅章磊, 金昕. 非圆面齿轮差速器的构型原理与动态防滑机制[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(5): 67-76.

LIU Dawei, LI Bingbing, FU Zhanglei, JIN Xin. Configuration Principle and Dynamic Antiskid Mechanism of Non-circular Face Gear Differential[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(5): 67-76.

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