套筒设计对异种铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头成形的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.18.137

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (18): 137-143,152.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.18.137

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套筒设计对异种铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头成形的影响

申志康^1,2, 李文亚¹, 蔡自强¹, 葛世鹏¹, 吴玲璐¹, 刘小超¹

1. 西北工业大学材料学院西安 710072;
2. 滑铁卢大学先进材料连接中心滑铁卢N2L3G1 加拿大

收稿日期:2020-10-09 修回日期:2021-04-10 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-11-30
通讯作者: 申志康(通信作者),男,1983年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为先进材料连接技术。E-mail:zhikangshen@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介:李文亚,男,1976年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为冷喷涂及搅拌摩擦焊。E-mail:liwy@nwpu.edu.cn;蔡自强,男,1998年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为锂金属电池。E-mail:mf20340023@smail.nju.edu.cn;葛世鹏,男,1999年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电阻点焊。E-mail:gsp7598@163.com;吴玲璐,女,1998年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究生方向为材料物理。E-mail:dz20340022@smail.nju.edu.cn;刘小超,男,1990年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为搅拌摩擦焊。E-mail:xcliu1990@seu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51975479）和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（3102019QD0404）资助项目。

Role of Sleeve Design on Weld Formation of Refill Friction Stir Spot Welded Dissimilar Al Alloys

SHEN Zhikang^1,2, LI Wenya¹, CAI Ziqiang¹, GE Shipeng¹, WU Linglu¹, LIU Xiaochao¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072;
2. Centre for Advance Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L3G1, Canada

Received:2020-10-09 Revised:2021-04-10 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-11-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 焊接效率低和焊接缺陷多是回填式搅拌摩擦点焊（Refill friction stir spot welding，Refill FSSW）工业化应用的主要瓶颈问题。分别采用加工有螺纹和凹槽的套筒对6022和7075异种铝合金进行Refill FSSW试验。结果表明，与加工有螺纹的套筒（传统式Refill FSSW）相比，采用加工有凹槽的套筒（改进式Refill FSSW）进行焊接时，在套筒下方形成了材料充分混合的楔形结构。采用加工有螺纹的套筒，通过快速插入的方式（快插式Refill FSSW）可提高材料在板厚方向上的流动性，在接头界面处形成了冶金连接和机械联锁机制。此外，采用加工有凹槽的套筒，并通过快速插入的方式（凹槽套筒快插式Refill FSSW）获得的楔形结构内的材料混合程度随着焊接时间的延长而增加。改进式Refill FSSW工艺焊接过程中的最高温度为504.3℃，液化裂纹的形成与低熔点相MgZn₂的熔化有关。根据热量产生原理，提出的改进式和快插式Refill FSSW工艺有助于提高接头力学性能及其稳定性，而凹槽套筒快插式Refill FSSW工艺可在1 s焊接时间内获得满足工业使用要求的无缺陷接头。

关键词: 回填式搅拌摩擦点焊, 异种铝合金, 材料流动, 连接机理

Abstract: Low joining efficiency and defects are the main obstacles for the industrial application of refill friction stir spot welding (Refill FSSW). Threaded and grooved sleeve tools were applied to refill FSSW Al6022/Al7075 dissimilar welds. The results indicated that compared to that of a threaded sleeve tool (conventional refill FSSW), an arc-structured was formed around the weld, in which the top and bottom sheets materials were mixed together, when the weld was fabricated using a grooved sleeve tool (modified refill FSSW). The material flow performance in the thickness direction can be significantly improved, when the weld was fabricated using a threaded sleeve tool via a fast plunging rate (fast plunging refill FSSW). Also, metallurgical and mechanical interlocking joining mechanisms were confirmed at the interface. Furthermore, material inter-mixing increased with the increasing of welding time, when the weld was fabricated using a grooved sleeve tool via fast plunging rate (grooved sleeve and fast plunging refill FSSW). The maximum temperature was 504.3℃ during modified refill FSSW, and melting of MgZn₂ resulted in liquation cracking. Based on the fundamental of heat generation, weld stability and strength and be improved by modified and fast plunging refill FSSW, defect-free weld that meet requirement of the industry can be fabricated using grooved sleeve and fast plunging refill FSSW within 1 s.

Key words: refill friction stir spot welding, dissimilar Al alloys, material flow, joining mechanism

中图分类号:

TG406

申志康, 李文亚, 蔡自强, 葛世鹏, 吴玲璐, 刘小超. 套筒设计对异种铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头成形的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(18): 137-143,152.

SHEN Zhikang, LI Wenya, CAI Ziqiang, GE Shipeng, WU Linglu, LIU Xiaochao. Role of Sleeve Design on Weld Formation of Refill Friction Stir Spot Welded Dissimilar Al Alloys[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(18): 137-143,152.

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套筒设计对异种铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头成形的影响

Role of Sleeve Design on Weld Formation of Refill Friction Stir Spot Welded Dissimilar Al Alloys

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