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机械工程学报

机械工程学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (24): 52-57.doi: 10.3901/JME.2016.24.052

• 异种材料的焊接与连接专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

镍铝青铜焊丝进行镁/镀锌钢板点焊的焊接性分析*

曹睿, 朱海霞, 许庆伟, 张海燕, 林巧力, 陈剑虹   

  1. 兰州理工大学有色金属先进加工与再利用省部共建国家重点实验室 兰州 730050
  • 出版日期:2016-12-15 发布日期:2016-12-15
  • 作者简介:

    曹睿，女，1977年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属焊接性以及异种金属焊接，发表论文80余篇。

    E-mail：caorui@lut.cn

  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金(51675255)和973计划前期研究专项(2014CB660810)资助项目; 20160629收到初稿，20160831收到修改稿;

Weldability Analysis of Mg/galvanized Steel Spot Plug Welded Joints with Ni-Al-Cu Cu-based Wire

CAO Rui, ZHU Haixia, XU Qingwei, ZHANG Haiyan, LIN Qiaoli, CHEN Jianhong   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Reuse of Nonferrous Metals，Lanzhou University of Technology， Lanzhou 730050
  • Online:2016-12-15 Published:2016-12-15

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摘要：

以镍铝青铜焊丝为填充材料，对AZ31B镁合金/镀锌钢板进行冷金属过渡点塞焊试验研究，分析镁板上孔直径对镁钢点塞焊接头力学性能的影响.并通过分析焊接接头微观组织及其元素分布状况来研究其连接机理。研究结果表明：使用镍铝青铜焊丝能够得到焊缝美观的镁/镀锌钢异种金属的连接接头。镁/钢板焊接接头的焊缝主要由α-Cu和CuAl2组成，熔合区由镁的固溶体α-Mg以及Al2Cu3Mg2和Mg2Cu混合的金属间化合物组成。镁板上孔的直径对镁钢接头性能有很大的影响。随着镁板孔径的增大，镁钢点塞焊接头的最大抗拉载荷先增大后减小，且当镁板孔径为5 mm时接头的最大抗拉载荷达到最大为3.4 kN。焊缝金属和镁母材的连接处即熔合区存在大量脆性金属间化合物，使得镁/钢接头整体力学性能较差。

关键词: 镀锌钢, 抗拉载荷, 冷金属过渡, 连接机理, 镁合金AZ31

Abstract:

AZ31B magnesium alloys and galvanized steel sheets are joined by cold metal transfer spot plug welding process with CuAl8Ni6 Cu-based wire based filler wire. The effects of processing parameters and the diameter of the hole in the Mg sheet on mechanical properties are studied. The joining mechanism is achieved by analyzing the microstructure and distribution of elements of welded joints. The results indicate that good weld appearance can be formed for CMT spot plug welded Mg AZ31-galvanized steel joint with CuAl8Ni6 Cu-based wire. The weld metal is composed of α-Cu + CuAl2 eutectic phases, the fusion zone is composed of amounts of brittle intermetallics Al2Cu3Mg2+Mg2Cu phases. The hole diameter in Mg sheet has a major effect on the tensile properties of the Mg-steel joints. With the increase of the hole diameter in Mg sheet, the tensile load firstly increase, then decrease. When the diameter of the hole in Mg sheet reaches 5mm, the maximum tensile load of 3.4kN can be reached. Amounts of brittle intermetallics make the tensile load of Mg-steel spot plug joints become lower.

Key words: cold metal transfer, galvanized steel, joining mechanism, tensile load, AZ31 magnesium alloy

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