3D打印的发展前沿——类脑组织打印

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.01.197

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人类对于大脑这一复杂功能器官认知不足限制了大脑疾病研究的进展，由于组织离体保存的难度和人脑组织研究所涉及的伦理问题，现代医学对于大脑的探究和脑疾病相关药理研究大多依赖于活体动物，而动物与人的差异导致动物实验药理研究结果应用于临床后效果不佳。因此，通过组织工程的方法进行类脑组织的体外构建将为大脑结构和功能的研究提供基础。在阐述了人类大脑灰质宏/微复杂结构基础上，揭示了采用3D打印技术体外构建类脑组织在脑科学研究中的重要意义和面临的巨大挑战：同时对目前存在的类脑组织的体外构建方法及局限性进行了全面论述，并提出类脑组织打印培养一体化的类脑组织体外构建方法。该系统通过打印与培养过程的整合，促进打印后细胞成活和组织功能化。

关键词: 3D打印, 打印培养一体化, 类脑组织

Abstract: Lacking knowledge of the complex structure of brain tissue has limited the progress of the brain disease study. Due to the difficulty of reserving human brain tissue in-vitro and the related ethical issues, the functional and pharmacological research on brain disease are majorly dependent on animal tests. However, the species difference can lead to failure of the pharmacological application in medical clinic. Therefore, brain-like tissue constructed via tissue engineering methodology in-vitro might be a good way out. The complex macro-/micr-structure of natural brain tissue has been reviewed, and the significance on construction of brain-like tissue by using 3D printing technology and the associated challenges are emphasized. Moreover, based on a thorough review of current status of brain-like tissue reconstruction in-vitro including the methodology and limitation, a new concept and methodology of manufacturing system by integrating the 3D printing process and culturing process has been developed. This integrated system can stimulate cell growth and tissue functionalization compared to the traditional methodologies.

Key words: 3D printing, brain-like tissue, integration of printing and culturing

中图分类号:

TH16
Q811

王玲, 方奥, 申皓, 李涤尘, 张鹍, 郝志岩, 毛星刚. 3D打印的发展前沿——类脑组织打印[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(1): 197-204.

WANG Ling, FANG Ao, SHEN Hao, LI Dichen, ZHANG Kun, HAO Zhiyan, MAO Xinggang. The Development Frontier of 3D Printing-the Brain-like Tissue Printing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(1): 197-204.

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