• CN：11-2187/TH
  • ISSN：0577-6686
机械工程学报

›› 2013, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 28-34.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

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2024-T351铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊件内部残余应力测试

张津;李峰;郑林;郭学博   

  1. 北京科技大学新材料技术研究院;北京科技大学北京市腐蚀、磨蚀与表面技术重点实验室;西南技术工程研究所
  • 发布日期:2013-01-20

Internal Residual Stresses in the Friction Stir Weldment of 2024-T351 Al Alloy Determined by Short Wavelength X-ray Diffraction

ZHANG Jin;LI Feng;ZHENG Lin;GUO Xuebo   

  1. Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Key Laboratory for Corrosion, Erosion and Surface Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute
  • Published:2013-01-20

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摘要： 为准确掌握铝合金搅拌摩擦焊(Friction stir welding, FSW)焊件中的残余应力分布，以便优化FSW焊接工艺和对后续加工起到一定的支撑作用，借助自主研发的短波长特征X射线衍射仪(Short wavelength X-ray diffractometer, SWXRD)，分别采用sin2ψ法和d0法对2024-T351铝合金FSW焊件内部残余应力进行测试，并与中子衍射和同步辐射及钻孔法测试的FSW焊接应力进行分析比较，同时对焊接区各区域微观组织进行金相观察分析，对焊接中心层的显微硬度分布进行测试。结果表明，用SWXRD可以实现铝合金内部残余应力的无损检测；对2024-T351铝合金FSW焊件内部残余应力测试，用d0法得到板材轧制方向的残余应力存在3个拉应力峰值，其中两个位于热影响区(Heat affected zone, HAZ)，一个位于焊缝中心，与国外中子衍射和高能同步辐射的测试结果一致；用sin2ψ法可以快速获得FSW焊核区(Weld nugget zone, WNZ)的残余应力，对存在强织构的热机械影响区(Thermal-mechanically affected zone, TMAZ)、HAZ和母材区(Base material zone, BMZ)的应力测试有较大的误差，但将d0法结合可以快速得到焊接区的应力分布

关键词: X射线衍射, 残余应力, 短波长, 搅拌摩擦焊, 铝合金, 内部

Abstract: In order to optimize the process of friction stir welding(FSW) and supply the information to the further machine, it is significant to measure the residual stress distribution in the FSW weldment of Al alloy. A domestic invented short wavelength X-ray diffractometer(SWXRD) is employed to determine the internal residual stresses in 2024-T351 Al alloy FSW weldment using both d0 mode and sin2ψ mode. The residual stress distribution results which obtained using SWXRD, neutron diffraction and high energy synchrotron respectively are compared and analyzed. Meanwhile the microstructure in the weldment is observed and the hardness in the center layer of plate is measured. The results show that the internal residual stress in Al alloy FSW can be determined by SWXRD. As for 2024-T351 Al alloy weldment, there are three tensile stress peaks, two tensile peaks located in the heat affected zone(HAZ) and another on the weld line. The result of d0 mode is identical with results of other methods such as neutron diffraction and synchrotron diffraction. The stress distribute in the weld nugget zone(WNZ) of the FSW weldment determined using sin2ψ mode fit well with the result of d0 mode. However the sin2ψ mode can not used to measure the stress distribution in the other zone such as thermal-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ), HAZ and base material zone(BMZ) due to strong texture. It is an applicable method to determine internal residual stresses combined sin2ψ and d0 mode together by SWXRD.

Key words: Aluminum alloys, Friction stir welding, Internal, Residual stresses, Short wavelength, X-ray diffraction

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