• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 2012, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 74-78.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

带状电极窄间隙MAG焊

郑森木;高洪明;周淋   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室
  • 发布日期:2012-04-20

Narrow Gap MAG Welding Using Strip Electrode

ZHENG Senmu;GAO Hongming;ZHOU Lin   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology
  • Published:2012-04-20

摘要: 为解决窄间隙焊接中普遍存在的侧壁和焊缝根部熔合不良的问题,基于减小间隙宽度让电弧直接加热间隙侧壁的思路,提出采用矩形截面的带状电极代替常规的圆形焊丝作为熔化极伸入到间隙中进行焊接,利用特殊形状的带状电极在间隙中自动形成的摆动电弧来改善对间隙侧壁和根部的加热,实现窄间隙焊接。研制专用的焊枪,研究间隙宽度、电弧电压和送带速度对间隙中带极端部电弧行为的影响。试验发现,电弧在间隙中的摆动受间隙宽度、电弧电压和送带速度的影响程度依次降低。间隙宽度对电弧的摆动具有决定性作用,间隙太宽电弧不能摆动;电弧电压过高导致电弧沿侧壁攀升得不到抑制,而送带速度主要与电弧电压搭配,保证焊接过程的稳定性,二者对间隙中电弧的摆动行为影响较小。结果表明,合理匹配间隙宽度、电弧电压和送带速度可以实现稳定的摆动电弧,获得侧壁和焊缝根部熔合良好的窄间隙焊缝。

关键词: 摆动电弧, 带状电极, 焊缝成形, 窄间隙熔化极活性气体保护焊

Abstract: In order to solve the common problem of incomplete fusion at the groove walls and roots in narrow gap welding, based on the consideration that make the welding arc heat the groove wall directly by decreasing the groove width, a new narrow gap metal active-gas(MAG) welding method is brought forward, in which the strip electrode with rectangular cross section is used as the consumable electrode instead of the traditional round wire. The welding arc automatically swings at the electrode end and so it can improve the heating effect on the groove walls and roots. Special welding torch is designed. And the effect of groove width, arc voltage and strip electrode feed speed on the arc behavior is studied. It is found that the groove width has the decisive effect on the weaving arc phenomenon while the arc voltage and strip electrode feed speed have not much effect. The welding arc does not swing when the groove width is too big, and it can climb up along the groove wall without restriction when the arc voltage is too high. The strip electrode feed speed is mainly set to match the arc voltage and make sure the welding process stable. The results indicate that the steady weaving arc can be realized by adjusting the groove width, arc voltage and strip electrode feed speed properly, and the narrow gap weld with groove walls and roots of well fusion is obtained.

Key words: Narrow gap metal active-gas(MAG) welding, Strip electrode, Weaving arc, Weld formation

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