非牛顿流体润滑磨损轴承的启动特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260831

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了准确地分析润滑剂非牛顿效应和轴瓦表面磨损缺陷综合影响下径向滑动轴承的启动特性，应用平均流量法推导出表面粗糙度和非牛顿效应综合影响下的轴承润滑方程即瞬态修正平均Reynolds方程。结合轴承的油膜厚度方程(应用考虑轴瓦表面磨损缺陷的Dufrane模型建立)和轴颈中心运动的动力学方程，形成轴承启动特性分析的润滑模型。应用有限差分法和牛顿法分别求解瞬态修正平均Reynolds方程和轴心运动方程，分析不同幂律指数和不同相对磨损缺陷下轴承的启动特性。结果发现，与无磨损缺陷轴承相比，有磨损缺陷轴承的最小油膜厚度和最大平均油膜压力峰值更大，最大接触压力峰值、接触时间和托起转速更小。幂律指数的变化对轴承最大接触压力、启动的接触时间和托起转速无明显影响。此外，提出的瞬态修正平均Reynolds方程不仅适用于径向滑动轴承，也适用于止推轴承和椭圆滑动轴承等非牛顿流体润滑轴承。

关键词: 径向滑动轴承, 非牛顿效应, 磨损缺陷, 启动

Abstract: To accurately analyze the start-up characteristics of journal bearings under the combined influence of lubricant non-Newtonian effect and bearing surface wear defects, the lubrication equation under the combined impact of surface roughness and non-Newtonian effect, namely the transient modified average Reynolds equation, is derived using the average flow method. The lubrication model for bearing start-up characteristic analysis is formed by combining the bearing film thickness equation (established by applying the Dufrane model that considers the bearing surface's wear defects) and the dynamic equation of the journal center motion. The finite difference method and Newton's method are used to solve the transient modified average Reynolds equation and the journal center motion equation, respectively, and the starting characteristics of the bearing under different power-law exponents and different relative worn defects are analyzed. The results show that compared with bearings without worn defects, bearings with worn defects have larger minimum film thickness and maximum average film pressure peak and smaller maximum contact pressure peak, contact time, and lift-off speed. The change in the power-law exponent has no obvious effect on the maximum contact pressure, contact time, and lift-off speed of the bearing's starting. In addition, the proposed transient modified average Reynolds equation is not only applicable to journal bearings, but also to non-Newtonian fluid lubricated bearings such as thrust bearings and elliptical journal bearings.

Key words: journal bearing, non-Newtonian effect, worn defect, start-up

中图分类号:

TH117

朱少禹, 张向军, 孙军, 王大刚. 非牛顿流体润滑磨损轴承的启动特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(15): 484-496.

ZHU Shaoyu, ZHANG Xiangjun, SUN Jun, WANG Dagang. Research on the Start-up Characteristics of Worn Journal Bearings Lubricated by Non-Newtonian Fluid[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(15): 484-496.

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