润滑剂毛细管渗透模型与改善表面润湿性能研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260829

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (15): 450-462.doi: 10.3901/JME.260829

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润滑剂毛细管渗透模型与改善表面润湿性能研究

段振景¹, 王帅帅¹, 王梓恒¹, 张柄桢¹, 边鹏¹, 李长河², 宋金龙¹, 刘新¹

1. 大连理工大学高性能精密制造全国重点实验室大连 116024;
2. 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院青岛 266520

收稿日期:2025-08-06 修回日期:2025-12-29 发布日期:2026-10-13
作者简介:段振景，男，1994年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为微量润滑辅助切削、冷等离子体辅助切削、多能场耦合辅助微细切削技术等。E-mail：zhenjing456@126.com;宋金龙，男，1987年出生，研究员，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为功能表面特种加工技术与装备、电化学加工技术与装备、绿色清洗技术与装备等。E-mail：songjinlong@dlut.edu.cn;刘新(通信作者)，男，1981年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为多能场复合加工技术、高性能流体控制装备的设计与制造、冷等离子体射流及其在加工和医疗中的应用、超浸润功能表面的制备与应用、电化学加工技术、超声波辅助加工技术等。E-mail：xinliu@dlut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51975092, 52475430)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT19ZD202 and DUT23YG118)资助项目。

Lubricant Capillary Permeation Modeling and Study of Improved Surface Wettability

DUAN Zhenjing¹, WANG Shuaishuai¹, WANG Ziheng¹, ZHANG Bingzhen¹, BIAN Peng¹, LI Changhe², SONG Jinlong¹, LIU Xin¹

1. State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
2. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520

Received:2025-08-06 Revised:2025-12-29 Published:2026-10-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微量润滑(Minimum quantity lubrication，MQL)在降低成本、绿色环保、适用范围广以及提升生产率等方面具有显著优势，能够适用于多种切削加工方式(车削、铣削、磨削、钻削以及微细切削等)和多种材料(塑性材料、硬脆材料以及高强度合金等)加工，但是在微量润滑辅助切削过程中润滑剂的有效和快速渗透是保证切削区充分冷却润滑的前提。因此，根据切削区冷却润滑剂毛细管渗透的动力学分析，构建了毛细管渗透模型；针对液滴和液膜的渗透建立了对应的几何模型，分析了表面润湿性和切削区负压对水和植物油毛细管渗透的影响规律。根据仿真分析，提出冷等离子体改善工件表面润湿性能的方法。仿真和试验结果表明，切削区的负压和工件表面的润湿性显著影响水和植物油的毛细管渗透长度和速度；冷等离子体改性可以有效改善水和植物油在工件表面的润湿性能。最后，通过微铣削铝合金7050试验进行验证，发现冷等离子体可以显著增强微量润滑冷却润滑效果，微铣削力比干式和MQL分别降低了47%～50%和28%～35%；使三维表面粗糙度Sa比干式和MQL分别降低了49%～55%和22%～27%。

关键词: 微量润滑, 毛细管渗透, 冷等离子体, 润滑剂, 润湿性能

Abstract: Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) has significant advantages in reducing costs, being environmentally friendly, having a wide range of applications, and improving productivity. It can be applied to various machining methods (turning, milling, grinding, drilling, and micro cutting, etc.) and various materials (plastic materials, hard and brittle materials, high-strength alloys, etc.). However, the effective and rapid penetration of cooling lubricating oil during MQL assisted cutting is a prerequisite for ensuring sufficient cooling and lubrication in the cutting area. Therefore, a capillary permeation model is constructed based on the kinetic analysis of the capillary permeation of cooling lubricant in the cutting area; corresponding geometric models are established for the permeation of droplets and liquid films, and the influence laws of surface wettability and negative pressure in the cutting area on the capillary permeation of water and vegetable oil are analyzed. Based on the simulation analysis, the method of cold plasma modification of workpiece surface wettability is proposed. Simulation and experimental results show that the negative pressure in the cutting area and the wettability of the workpiece surface significantly affect the capillary penetration length and velocity of water and vegetable oil; cold plasma modification can effectively improve the wettability of water and vegetable oil on the workpiece surface. Finally, it is verified by micro-milling aluminum alloy 7050 experiments, and it is found that cold plasma could significantly enhance the cooling and lubrication effect of MQL. The micro-milling force is reduced by 47%-50% and 28%-35% compared with dry and MQL, respectively; and the Sa is reduced by 49%-55% and 22%-27%.

Key words: minimum quantity lubrication, capillary permeation, cold plasma, lubricant, wettability

中图分类号:

TG156

段振景, 王帅帅, 王梓恒, 张柄桢, 边鹏, 李长河, 宋金龙, 刘新. 润滑剂毛细管渗透模型与改善表面润湿性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(15): 450-462.

DUAN Zhenjing, WANG Shuaishuai, WANG Ziheng, ZHANG Bingzhen, BIAN Peng, LI Changhe, SONG Jinlong, LIU Xin. Lubricant Capillary Permeation Modeling and Study of Improved Surface Wettability[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(15): 450-462.

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润滑剂毛细管渗透模型与改善表面润湿性能研究

Lubricant Capillary Permeation Modeling and Study of Improved Surface Wettability

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