跨座式单轨车低频结构噪声传递路径及贡献量分析

doi:10.3901/JME.260686

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (16): 282-294.doi: 10.3901/JME.260686

• 特邀专辑：轨道运载装备动态设计理论与运维技术 • 上一篇

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跨座式单轨车低频结构噪声传递路径及贡献量分析

杨天昊^1,2, 胡鑫磊¹, 周凯^1,2, 宫岛^1,2, 周劲松^1,2, 文磊缤^1,2, 邓新^1,2

1. 同济大学交通学院上海 201804;
2. 上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室上海 201804

收稿日期:2025-08-11 修回日期:2026-03-19 发布日期:2026-10-14
作者简介:杨天昊，男，2001年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为振动噪声控制。E-mail：yangth0606@outlook.com;周凯(通信作者)，男，1992年出生，博士，副教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轨道车辆系统动力学与结构振动、智能振动控制、基于数据驱动的系统建模与分析。E-mail：zhoukai_mech@tongji.edu.cn

Analysis on Low-frequency Structural Noise Transmission Paths and Contribution Rates of Straddle-type Monorail Vehicles

YANG Tianhao^1,2, HU Xinlei¹, ZHOU Kai^1,2, GONG Dao^1,2, ZHOU Jinsong^1,2, WEN Leibin^1,2, DENG Xin^1,2

1. College of Transportation, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804;
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety, Shanghai 201804

Received:2025-08-11 Revised:2026-03-19 Published:2026-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 跨座式单轨车能有效缓解地面交通压力并提升通勤效率，对其低频结构噪声传递路径研究是开展车辆低频噪声设计的关键，有利于提高乘客的乘车安全性和舒适性。采用有限元法及虚拟传递路径法对某型跨座式单轨车低频结构噪声的传递路径进行研究，首先建立车辆动力学模型、车内声腔模型及虚拟路面模型；其次将计算获得的胶轮载荷与试验设备载荷输入整车传递路径模型，求解各传递路径的噪声贡献量；之后，挑取前十条贡献量较大的路径进行了具体分析，并对关键路径的传递函数进行分解，明确相关路径贡献量偏高的具体原因；最后，为了控制结构面板声辐射，对噪声最后传递环节中的车身面板进行次级传递路径分析，提出一种“面板综合声学贡献量”指标，计算车身面板贡献量。研究结果表明低频结构噪声主要是通过牵引连杆、二系悬挂传递至车体面板，其中噪声贡献量最高的面板为地板，为后续的优化设计提供了相应的理论基础和技术支撑。

关键词: 跨座式单轨车, 低频结构噪声, 传递路径分析, 虚拟路径法

Abstract: Straddle-type monorail vehicles can effectively alleviate ground traffic pressure and improve commuting efficiency. Moreover, the research on the transmission path of their low-frequency structural noise is the key to conducting the design of low- frequency noise for such vehicles, which contributes to enhancing passengers’ riding safety and comfort. To investigate the transmission paths of low-frequency structural noise in a specific straddle-type monorail vehicle, the finite element method(FEM) and virtual transfer path analysis(VTPA) are adopted. Firstly, the vehicle dynamics model, the in-vehicle acoustic cavity model, and the virtual road surface model are established. Secondly, the calculated rubber tire loads and test equipment loads are input into the vehicle transfer path model to solve for the noise contributions of each transmission path. Subsequently, the top ten paths with relatively high contributions are selected for detailed analysis, and the transfer functions of key paths are decomposed to clarify the specific reasons for the high contributions of relevant paths. Finally, to control the sound radiation of structural panels, a secondary transfer path analysis is conducted on the car body panels in the final stage of noise transmission, and an index termed “comprehensive acoustic contribution of panels” is proposed to calculate the contribution of car body panels. The results indicate that low-frequency structural noise is mainly transmitted to the car body panels through the traction rods and secondary suspension. Among these panels, the floor panel exhibits the highest noise contribution. It provides a research target for subsequent optimization.

Key words: straddle-type monorail vehicle, low-frequency noise, transfer path analysis, virtual path method

中图分类号:

TB53

杨天昊, 胡鑫磊, 周凯, 宫岛, 周劲松, 文磊缤, 邓新. 跨座式单轨车低频结构噪声传递路径及贡献量分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(16): 282-294.

YANG Tianhao, HU Xinlei, ZHOU Kai, GONG Dao, ZHOU Jinsong, WEN Leibin, DENG Xin. Analysis on Low-frequency Structural Noise Transmission Paths and Contribution Rates of Straddle-type Monorail Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(16): 282-294.

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跨座式单轨车低频结构噪声传递路径及贡献量分析

Analysis on Low-frequency Structural Noise Transmission Paths and Contribution Rates of Straddle-type Monorail Vehicles

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