增材制造多孔NiTi形状记忆合金的研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.260678

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多孔NiTi形状记忆合金(Shape memory alloys，SMAs)能够表现出优异的形状记忆效应和超弹性、与人骨匹配的机械性能和弹性模量、良好的生物相容性等，在生物医疗植入件、驱动器等领域具有广阔的应用前景。增材制造(Additive manufacturing，AM)工艺能够实现对复杂多孔构型的近净成形，获得具有个性化构型、可调控构型参数、合理性能分配的多孔NiTi合金。近年来，关于AM多孔NiTi合金的研究愈加深入系统，为进一步实现AM多孔NiTi合金在各领域的应用，亟需对其构型和性能特征进行总结，并揭示其内在联系。鉴于此，首先分析了当前多孔构型设计方法的特点，同时，基于AM工艺，总结了不同设计方法获得的多孔NiTi合金的机械性能、形状记忆效应和超弹性，建立起多孔构型特征—AM工艺—多孔NiTi合金综合性能的关系。接着，总结归纳了近年来AM多孔NiTi合金的生物相容性研究结果。最后，展望了AM多孔NiTi合金的研究趋势和重点需要突破的问题。

关键词: 增材制造, 多孔NiTi合金, 形状记忆效应, 超弹性, 生物相容性

Abstract: Porous NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) exhibit exceptional shape memory effect and superelasticity, mechanical properties and elastic modulus matched to human bones, and excellent biocompatibility, which make them have broad application prospects in the fields of biomedical implants, actuators, and more. Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques can achieve near-net shaping of complex porous structures, enabling the porous NiTi SMAs with personalized designs, adjustable porous parameters, and optimized performances. Recently, works on porous NiTi SMAs via AM have become systematic and deep gradually. To facilitate the application of porous NiTi SMAs via AM in various fields, it is essential to summarize their porous structures and performance characteristics, thereby elucidating their intrinsic relationships. Therefore, this paper first analyzes the current design methods for porous structures. Then, the mechanical properties, shape memory effect, and superelasticity of AM porous NiTi SMAs obtained by different design methods are summarized, and the relationships are established among the characteristics of the porous structures, the processing parameters, and the performances of porous NiTi SMAs. Furthermore, this paper reviews recent findings on the biocompatibility of AM porous NiTi SMAs. Finally, future research trends and key issues that need to be addressed in the field of AM porous NiTi SMAs are discussed.

Key words: additive manufacturing, porous NiTi, shape memory effect, superelasticity, biocompatibility

中图分类号:

TG146

卢海洲, 周智杰, 杨勇, 马宏伟, 蔡潍锶, 颜安, 杨超. 增材制造多孔NiTi形状记忆合金的研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(15): 507-530.

LU Haizhou, ZHOU Zhijie, YANG Yong, MA Hongwei, CAI Weisi, YAN An, YANG Chao. Research Progress in Additive Manufactured Porous NiTi Shape Memory Alloys[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(15): 507-530.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260678

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I15/507

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